法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 576-580，585.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.05.012

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同ALDH2基因型个体饮酒后血乙醛浓度与精神运动功能的关系

叶懿， 陈帆， 吴昊， 兰胜男， 江兰睿， 戴可可， 颜有仪， 杨林， 廖林川   

  1. 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院，四川 成都 610041
  • 发布日期:2019-10-25 出版日期:2019-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 廖林川，男，教授，博士研究生导师，主要从事法医毒物分析研究；E-mail：linchuanliao@scu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:叶懿（1981—），男，副教授，硕士研究生导师，主要从事法医遗传学和法医毒物分析研究；E-mail：yeyiconan@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目（81401557）；四川大学大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目（C2019106777）

Relationship between Blood Acetaldehyde Concentration and Psychomotor Function of Individuals with Different ALDH2 Genotypes after Alcohol Consumption

YE Yi, CHEN Fan, WU Hao, LAN Sheng-nan, JIANG Lan-rui, DAI Ke-ke, YAN You-yi, YANG Lin, LIAO Lin-chuan   

  1. West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Online:2019-10-25 Published:2019-10-28

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摘要： 目的 探索不同乙醛脱氢酶（aldehyde dehydrogenase，ALDH）2基因型个体饮酒后血乙醇和血乙醛浓度变化规律、精神运动功能损害及其之间的联系。 方法 采用SNaPshotTM方法获得79名健康志愿者ALDH2基因分型，分为ALDH2*1/*1（野生型）和ALDH2*1/*2（突变型）组。志愿者摄入1.0 g/kg剂量的酒后，检测饮酒前后系列时间点血乙醇浓度、血乙醛浓度及视觉选择反应时、听觉简单反应时和跟踪实验等精神运动功能，并收集双相酒精反应问卷。 结果 ALDH2*1/*2组饮酒后血乙醇和血乙醛浓度达峰时间较ALDH2*1/*1组提前，且饮酒后1~6 h血乙醛浓度高于ALDH2*1/*1组。ALDH2*1/*2组饮酒后视觉选择反应时和听觉简单反应时等精神运动功能受损较ALDH2*1/*1更为显著，而饮酒后的兴奋或镇静反应两组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。Pearson相关系数检验显示是血乙醛浓度与精神运动功能相关。 结论 ALDH2野生型与突变型个体饮酒后精神运动功能差异显著，推测与饮酒后血乙醛浓度的差异有关。

关键词: 法医毒理学, 乙醇, 乙醛, 乙醛脱氢酶, 多态性, 精神运动功能

Abstract: Objective To explore the change rules of blood ethanol and blood acetaldehyde concentration, the impairment of psychomotor functions of different acetaldehyde dehydrogenase （ALDH） 2 genotype individuals after alcohol consumption and the relationship among them. Methods The ALDH2 genotypes in seventy-nine healthy volunteers were obtained by SNaPshotTM method, then divided into ALDH2*1/*1 （wild type） and ALDH2*1/*2 （mutant type） group. After volunteers consumed 1.0 g/kg of alcohol, blood ethanol concentration and blood acetaldehyde concentration at a series of time points before and after alcohol consumption and psychomotor functions, such as, visual selective response time, auditory simple response time and tracking experiment were detected. Biphasic alcohol response questionnaires were collected. Results After alcohol consumption, ALDH2*1/*2 group’s blood ethanol and blood acetaldehyde concentration reached the peak earlier than ALDH2*1/*1 group. Its blood acetaldehyde concentration was higher than that of ALDH2*1/*1 group, 1-6 h after alcohol consumption. The psychomotor functions, such as visual selective response time and auditory simple response time in ALDH2*1/*2 group were more significantly impaired than those in ALDH2*1/*1 group after alcohol consumption. There was no statistical significance between the two groups in excitement or sedation reactions （P>0.05）. Pearson correlation coefficient test showed that blood acetaldehyde concentration was related with psychomotor function. Conclusion There are significant differences between the psychomotor function of ALDH2 wild type and mutant type individuals after alcohol consumption estimated to be related to the difference in blood acetaldehyde concentration after alcohol consumption.

Key words: forensic toxicology, ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, polymorphism, psychomotor function