法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 354-359.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.03.011

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

法医孢粉学研究进展及其在法庭科学中的应用

陈云霞1，2，3， 史洪飞1，2，3   

  1. 1. 南京森林警察学院，江苏 南京 210023； 2. 国家林业局森林公安司法鉴定中心，江苏 南京 210023； 3. 野生动植物物证技术国家林业和草原局重点实验室，江苏 南京 210023
  • 发布日期:2020-06-25 出版日期:2020-06-28
  • 作者简介:陈云霞（1982—），女，博士，副教授，主要从事野生动植物的鉴定及保护研究；E-mail：yunaini@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省应用型本科院校建设与发展研究资助项目（2019yl05）；江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助项目（2020）；江苏省高校优秀科技创新团队“打击生态环境犯罪物证技术”资助项目（2019-29）

Research Progress on Forensic Palynology and Its Application in Forensic Science

CHEN Yun-xia1,2,3, SHI Hong-fei1,2,3   

  1. 1. Nanjing Forest Police College, Nanjing 210023, China; 2. Forensic Identification Center for Forest Police of the State Forestry Bureau, Nanjing 210023, China; 3. Key Laboratory of State Forest and Grassland Administration on Wildlife Evidence Technology, Nanjing 210023, China
  • Online:2020-06-25 Published:2020-06-28

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摘要： 法医孢粉学是将孢粉学应用于法庭科学领域，通过检验花粉和孢子的方法解决民事和刑事等相关司法实践问题。孢粉具有体积小、分布广、形态多样、易转移、持久性等特点，而且不易被察觉，可以作为很好的痕量证据为案件侦破提供有力的调查和关联证据。孢粉学在法庭科学中的应用已取得了一定成果，但在大多数国家，法医孢粉学还未得到充分利用。本文从孢粉的生物学特性出发，结合近年来在法庭科学领域的成功案例，分析孢粉所提供的证据价值、孢粉样本的收集与检测技术的进步以及所面临的挑战，综合探讨法医孢粉学的研究进展及其在法庭科学中的应用前景。

关键词: 法医学, 孢粉, 痕量物证, 刑事侦查, 综述

Abstract: Forensic palynology is to apply palynology to the field of forensic science, using pollen and spores to solve issues in juridical practice, such as civil and criminal issues. Sporopollens have a small size, wide distribution, diverse morphology, can be easily transferred, have durability, and is not easily noticed. It can provide strong investigation and related evidence for case detection as good trace evidence. The application of palynology in forensic science has achieved certain success, but it is underutilized in most countries. This paper analyzes the evidence value provided by sporopollen, collection of the sporopollen samples, the progress in detection technology and challenges ahead, based on the biological characteristics of sporopollen, combined with recent successful cases in forensic science, to comprehensively discuss the research progress in forensic palynology and its application prospects in forensic science.

Key words: forensic medicine, sporopollen, trace evidence, criminal investigation, review