法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 187-193.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.02.011

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于16S rRNA基因序列对不同土壤细菌群落的差异性分析

宋国庆1，2， 李辉2， 马克2， 赵雪莹2， 沈忆文1， 谢建辉1， 周怀谷1，2   

  1. 1. 复旦大学基础医学院法医学系，上海 200032； 2. 上海市公安局物证鉴定中心 法医物证学现场应用技术公安部重点实验室 上海市现场物证重点实验室 上海市刑事科学技术研究院，上海 200083
  • 发布日期:2019-04-25 出版日期:2019-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 周怀谷，男，博士，主任法医师，主要从事法医DNA分析技术的应用和研究；E-mail：13916916522@139.com
  • 作者简介:宋国庆（1991—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事法医物证学研究；E-mail：16211010073@fudan.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划资助项目（18YF1421400）；公安部科技强警基础工作专项资助项目（2017GABJC08）；上海市公安局科学技术发展基金资助项目（2016028，2018013）

Difference Analysis Based on 16S rRNA Sequencing of Different Soil Bacterial Communities

SONG Guo-qing1,2, LI Hui2, MA Ke2, ZHAO Xue-ying2, SHEN Yi-wen1, XIE Jian-hui1, ZHOU Huai-gu1,2   

  1. 1. Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; 2. Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Key Laboratory of Forensic Evidence and Science Technology, Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200083, China
  • Online:2019-04-25 Published:2019-04-28

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摘要： 目的 研究不同土壤细菌群落的结构和差异，探索16S rRNA基因测序技术在不同土壤鉴定中的有效性。 方法 采集上海市7个地区的土壤样本，提取土壤细菌基因组DNA，采用高通量测序技术对16S rRNA基因序列高变区片段进行测序，测序结果通过生物信息学软件量化或可视化后，比较分析草地、树林和沙滩3类土壤样本间细菌群落多样性和丰度的差异。 结果 草地、树林和沙滩土壤样本细菌群落的alpha多样性指数差异具有统计学意义，三类土壤细菌群落的物种相对丰度和多样性差异明显，草地土壤中酸杆菌门相对丰度较高，树林土壤中变形菌门相对丰度较高，沙滩土壤中放线菌门相对丰度较高。但人工草地、天然草地和工业区草地土壤细菌群落差异无统计学意义。 结论 基于16S rRNA基因序列测序可以有效区分不同类别土壤，该方法有望为刑事案件第一犯罪现场判读提供线索。

关键词: 法医病理学；法医遗传学；土壤微生物学；DNA, 细菌；RNA, 核糖体, 16S；生物多样性；高通量测序

Abstract: Objective To study the structure and differences of bacterial communities in different soils, and to explore the effectiveness of 16S rRNA sequencing in identification of different soil. Methods Soil samples from 7 places in Shanghai were collected, then bacterial genomic DNA were extracted from them. The fragments of hypervariable region from 16S rRNA sequences were sequenced with high-throughput sequencing techniques. The results were quantified or visualized with bioinformatics software. The differences in diversity and abundance among the three kinds of bacterial communities in soil samples from grassland, forests and beaches were compared and analyzed. Results The statistical differences that existed among the alpha diversity indexes of bacterial communities in soil samples of grassland, forests and beaches had statistical significance. The relative abundance and diversity of bacterial communities in these three kinds of soil were significantly different. Grassland soil had higher Acidobacteria abundance, forest soil had higher Proteobacteria abundance, beach soil had higher Actinobacteria abundance. However, the differences in soil bacterial communities in artificial grasslands, natural grasslands and industrial district grasslands did not have statistical significance. Conclusion 16S rRNA sequencing can effectively distinguish different soils. This method may be able to provide clues for first crime scene inference in criminal cases.

Key words:  forensic pathology, forensic genetics, soil microbiology, DNA, bacterial, RNA, ribosomal, 16S, biodiversity, high-throughput sequencing