法医学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 340-351.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.330101

• 论著 • 上一篇    

3种新精神活性物质的结构确证及未知毒品的定性鉴定

聂宗炀(), 胡伟, 李玲玉, 章青波, 黄欣, 李波()   

  1. 江西求实司法鉴定中心,江西 南昌 330006
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-13 发布日期:2024-11-08 出版日期:2024-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 李波
  • 作者简介:聂宗炀(1992—),男,硕士,主要从事毒品毒物检验鉴定和研究;E-mail:344920396@qq.com

Structure Confirmation of Three New Psychoactive Substances and Qualitative Identification of Unknown Substances

Zong-yang NIE(), Wei HU, Ling-yu LI, Qing-bo ZHANG, Xin HUANG, Bo LI()   

  1. Jiangxi Qiushi Forensic Appraisal Center, Nanchang 330006, China
  • Received:2023-01-13 Online:2024-11-08 Published:2024-08-25
  • Contact: Bo LI

摘要:

目的 建立3种疑似新精神活性物质(new psychoactive substance,NPS)的结构确证方法,探索一种较为通用的定性检验方法。 方法 利用红外吸收光谱、气相色谱-质谱(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,1H-NMR)、核磁共振碳谱(13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,13C-NMR)、核磁共振氟谱(19F-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,19F-NMR)等技术对公安机关送检的5份疑似含有NPS的检材进行成分鉴定及结构确证。 结果 送检的5份检材中均检出NPS,共有3种于2024年7月1日被列管的NPS,分别为甲基胺酮(又称2-MDCK)、2-乙氨基-2-(2-氟苯基)环己酮(又称2-FXE)、1-[3,4-(亚甲二氧基)苯基]-2-二甲氨基-1-戊酮(又称dipentylone),前两者属于苯环己哌啶类NPS,第三种属于合成卡西酮类NPS。 结论 本研究较为系统地介绍了3种NPS的红外吸收光谱、核磁共振波谱和质谱等表征手段的区分特征,可为未知毒品的定性鉴定提供参考。

关键词: 法医学, 毒物分析, 新精神活性物质, 苯环己哌啶类, 合成卡西酮类, 红外吸收光谱法, 核磁共振波谱法, 气相色谱-质谱法, 结构解析

Abstract:

Objective To establish the structural confirmation methods of three suspected new psychoactive substances (NPSs), and explore a more general qualitative testing method. Methods Infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-NMR), 19F-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (19F-NMR) and other techniques were used to identify the composition and structure of 5 samples containing suspected NPS submitted by public security bureaus. Results NPSs were found in the above 5 samples, and 3 were confirmed as NPS included in the newly listed controlled substances on July 1, 2024, namely 2-(methylamino)-2-(2-methylphenyl)cyclohexan-1-one (2-MDCK), 2-(ethylamino)-2-(2-fluorophenyl)cyclohexan-l-one (2-FXE), 1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-(dimethylamino)pentan-1-one (dipentylone), respectively. The first two substances were phencyclidine NPS, and the third substance was synthetic cathinone NPS. Conclusion This study systematically summarizes the distinguishing features of the infrared absorption spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry of three NPSs, which can provide a reference for the qualitative identification of unknown substances.

Key words: forensic medicine, toxicological analysis, new psychoactive substance (NPS), phencyclidines, synthetic cathinones, infrared absorption spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, structural analysis

中图分类号: