法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 437-444.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.04.002

所属专题： 环境损害司法鉴定

• 专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国环境损害司法鉴定体制形成与发展

郭雪艳1， 杨旭1， 谷晓若2， 卓少杰1， 陈林文1， 达良俊2，3，4， 马栋1   

  1. 1. 司法鉴定科学研究院 上海市法医学重点实验室 司法部司法鉴定重点实验室 上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台，上海 200063； 2. 华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院，上海 200241； 3. 上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室，上海 200241； 4. 崇明生态研究院，上海 202162
  • 发布日期:2020-08-25 出版日期:2020-08-28
  • 通讯作者: 达良俊，男，教授，博士研究生导师，主要从事植被生态学和城市生态学研究；E-mail：ljda@des.ecnu.edu.cn 马栋，男，博士，主任法医师，主要从事毒物化学、环境损害鉴定研究；E-mail：madong@ssfjd.cn
  • 作者简介:郭雪艳（1982—），女，博士，主要从事环境损害鉴定研究；E-mail：xueer308@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC0503607，2016YFC0800704）；中央级科研院所基本科研业务费资助项目（GY2019G-3）；国家自然科学基金面上资助项目（81671868）；上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室开放课题资助项目（SHUES2020A14）；上海市法医学重点实验室资助项目（17DZ2273200）；上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台资助项目（19DZ2290900）

Formation and Development of Environmental Forensics System in China

GUO Xue-yan1, YANG Xu1, GU Xiao-ruo2, ZHUO Shao-jie1, CHEN Lin-wen1, DA Liang-jun2,3,4, MA Dong1   

  1. 1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China; 2. School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; 3. Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai 200241, China; 4. Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 202162, China
  • Online:2020-08-25 Published:2020-08-28

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摘要： 随着对生态环境问题的重视及对生态环境价值的不断认同，环境损害从行政处罚跃入司法判罚新阶段，环境损害司法鉴定为有力捍卫生态安全提供了法律武器。作为我国综合性较强、技术难度较高的新进鉴定类别，环境损害司法鉴定涉及学科、领域和鉴定对象多样、复杂，在理论与实践层面尚处于起步阶段。本文通过梳理国外在法律法规、工作机制、技术体系等方面的先进经验，结合我国环境损害司法鉴定在发展实践中存在的问题提出针对性对策和建议，以期为健全我国环境损害司法鉴定体制提供重要参考。

关键词: 法医学, 司法鉴定, 环境损害, 环境污染, 生态破坏, 环境保护

Abstract: With the growing attention on ecological environment problems and gradual realization of ecological environment value, environmental damage has jumped from administrative penalty to a new stage, judicial penalty, and environmental damage appraisal has provided a legal weapon to safeguard ecological security. As a new forensic category of China with high comprehensiveness and technical difficulty, environmental damage appraisal involves diversified and complex subjects, fields and appraisal objects, and is still in an early stage in terms of theory and practice. This study aims to provide an important reference for the improvement of the Chinese environmental damage appraisal system of environmental damage by summarizing advanced international experience in areas such as laws and regulations, working mechanism and technical system, and putting forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions based on the problems existing in the development and practice of environmental damage appraisal in China.

Key words: forensic medicine, judicial expertise, environmental damage, environmental pollution, ecological damage, environmental protection