法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 142-146.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2018.02.007

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

基因多态性、饮酒种类与乙醇代谢的相关性

叶  懿，陈  帆，卢  翔，吴  昊，卢  颀，施  蕾，颜有仪，杨  林，廖林川   

  1. 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院，四川 成都 610041
  • 发布日期:2018-04-25 出版日期:2018-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 廖林川，男，教授，博士研究生导师，主要从事法医毒物分析研究；E-mail：linchuanliao@scu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:叶懿（1981—），男，副教授，主要从事法医遗传学和法医毒物分析研究；E-mail：yeyiconan@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目（81401557）

Correlation of Genetic Polymorphism, Alcoholic Beverage Type and Ethanol Metabolism

YE Yi, CHEN Fan, LU Xiang, WU Hao, LU Qi, SHI Lei, YAN You-yi, YANG Lin, LIAO Lin-chuan   

  1. West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Online:2018-04-25 Published:2018-04-28

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被引次数

1

摘要： 目的 探索ADH1B和ALDH2基因多态性以及饮酒种类对乙醇代谢的影响，为司法鉴定实践中涉及乙醇代谢结果解释或对血乙醇含量回推的案件提供数据支持。 方法 筛选出81名志愿者，通过多重SNaPshot分型方法获得ADH1B、ADH1C和ALDH2的基因型。饮酒剂量为1.0 g/kg，在饮酒前以及饮酒后30 min、45 min、1 h、1.5 h、2 h、3 h、4 h、5 h、6 h、7 h和8 h静脉采血1 mL，通过顶空气相色谱法检测血中乙醇和乙醛的浓度，计算血乙醇达峰时间（Tmax）、乙醇峰值质量浓度（Cmax）、乙醇曲线下面积（area under curve，AUC乙醇）、AUC乙醛和乙醇消除斜率（β）。为排除ADH1C基因多态性的干扰，选择携带ADH1C*1/*1基因型的个体，根据ADH1B和ALDH2的基因型分组，对各组上述参数进行单因素方差分析，并运用最小显著差异法进行组间比较，基因间的相互作用关系采用双因素方差分析。对3种饮酒种类（白酒、红酒和啤酒）组间的各参数进行随机区组设计方差分析。 结果 不同ADH1B和ALDH2基因型组间Tmax和Cmax差异无统计学意义，部分基因型组间AUC乙醇、β和AUC乙醛差异有统计学意义。个体饮相同剂量不同种类酒时，各组间各参数差异均无统计学意义。 结论 乙醇代谢受相关基因多态性影响较大，基本不受饮酒种类的影响。

关键词: 法医毒理学, 乙醇, 代谢, 基因多态性, 饮酒种类, 乙醛蓄积

Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of ADH1B and ALDH2 gene polymorphism and type of alcoholic beverage on ethanol metabolism, to provide data support for cases involving the interpretation of ethanol metabolism or back calculation of blood ethanol concentration in forensic practice. Methods A total of 81 volunteers were selected. The genotypes of ADH1B, ADH1C and ALDH2 were obtained by a multiplex SNaPshot genotyping method. Each subject was administered with 1.0 g/kg of alcohol. About 1 mL venous blood was collected before and after the alcohol consumption at 30 min, 45 min, 1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 7 h and 8 h, respectively. The concentrations of ethanol and acetaldehyde in blood were determined by headspace gas chromatography. The peak times of blood ethanol concentration （Tmax）, the peak mass concentrations of ethanol （Cmax）, the area under curve （AUC） of ethanol （AUCethanol）, AUCacetaldehyde and ethanol elimination rates （β） were calculated. In order to eliminate the influence of ADH1C, the ADH1C*1/*1 carriers were grouped based on the genotype of ADH1B and ALDH2. The data of each group were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance and pairwise comparison tests were performed by least significant difference method. The gene interactions were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance. Each parameter of three kinds of alcoholic beverage （white wine, red wine and beer） among groups was analysed by variance analysis with randomized block design. Results There were no differences in the value of Tmax and Cmax between the groups with different ADH1B and ALDH2 genotype. The differences in the values of AUCethanol, β and AUCacetaldehyde among some groups carrying different ADH1B and ALDH2 genotype had statistical significance, while no significant difference was observed in these parameters when one individual taking same dose of different alcoholic beverage type. Conclusion The ethanol metabolism is associated with the related gene polymorphism, which is barely affected by alcoholic beverage type.

Key words: forensic toxicology, ethanol, metabolism, gene polymorphism, type of alcoholic beverages, acetaldehyde accumulation