Abstract: S100β is one kind of the calcium binding proteins. As growth factor of neuraxon, it is excreted by neuroglial cell, and distributing in nerve tissue extensively. Although S100β has very important values neurophysiological, it also has neurotoxicity with excreting overmuch. Concentration of S100β changes regularity in serum after the brain injury. In addition, it has a close relations with the degree of brain damage, which can be regarded as the neural new marker of biochemistry after brain damage. The advances of S100β protein, in the research on neurophysiological values and its application for nerve tissue injury, disease were reviewed.

Key words: S100β, calcium binding proteins, brain injury, forensic science