Archive

28 April 2005, Volume 21 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
论文


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

论文

Select

The Application of the Same Frequency Tone Masking Test in Forensic Identification LIU JI-HUI;XU JING-TAO;LI YU-FEI;ET AL. (DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE;FACULTY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;SHENYANG 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 81-83.  Abstract ( 2054 )   Objective To investigate the relationship between minimum contralateral masking level(MCML) and pure tone threshold of the masking ears by the same frequency tone masking test. Methods The pure tone thresholds of 30 subjects(60 ears) were measured by pure tone audiometry and MCML was obtained by means of the same frequency tone masking test. Results When the stimulus was at the threshold of masked ears,the differences between MCML and pure tone threshold of masking ears were among 0-30 dBHL. 82.4 percent of results showed the differences not higher than 10 dBHL, 97.1 percent of results showed the differences not higher than 15 dBHL.When the stimulus was at 10 dBHL above the threshold of masked ears,the differences between MCML and pure tone threshold of masking ears were among 0-35 dBHL. 90.5 percent of results showed the differences not higher than 25 dBHL,98.1 percent of results showed the differences not higher than 30dBHL. Conclusion The real thresholds can be deduced correctly by the same frequency tone masking test. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

CT Rendering and Mechanical Analysis for Rib Fracture Inextricable on X-ray Chest Film in Legal Medical Practice XU LEI-MING;XIE XING-FU (DEPATMENT OF RADIOLOGY;ND HOSPITAL ATTACHED TO ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCHOOL;HANGZHOU 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 84-85+8.  Abstract ( 2034 )   Objective To explore an approach of CT rendering and mechanical analysis for rib fracture that was inextricable on X-ray film in legal medical practice. Methods 17 cases with rib fracture undetermined on X-ray chest film in legal medical practice underwent CT scans. The thin slices (0.75 mm or 1mm) of images were reconstructed with smooth and sharp kernel.The multiplanar reformatted images along rib and surface shaded display were obtained to investigate rib fracture. Results All rib fractures were accurately displayed by CT scan and MPR images along rib. The torque that caused rib fracture was divided presumably into vertical and rotary types. The two kinds of rib fracture, composed of vertical and rotary type, were proposed. Conclusion CT scan with thin slice and MPR images can definitely reveal the rib fracture unresolved on X-ray film in legal medical practice. The proposition of two kinds of torque will be help avoid misunderstanding acute rotary type of rib fracture as old healed one. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Observation and Analysis on Mutation of Routine STR Locus LI QIU-YANG;FENG WEI-JUN;YANG QIN-GEN;ET AL. (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;TONGJI MEDICAL COLLEGE OF HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;WUHAN 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 86-89.  Abstract ( 2143 )   Objective To observe and analyze the characteristic of mutation at STR locus. Methods 27 mutant genes observed in 1 211 paternity testing cases were checked by PAGE-silver stained and PowerPlex 16 System Kit and validated by sequencing. Results Mutant genes locate on 15 loci. The pattern of mutation was accord with stepwise mutation model. The mutation ratio of male-to-female was 8∶1 and correlated to the age of father. Conclusion Mutation rate is correlated to the geometric mean of the number of homogeneous repeats of locus. The higher the mean, the higher the mutation rate. These loci are not so appropriate for use in paternity testing. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

SNP Genotyping by Multiplex Amplification and Microarrays Assay and Forensic Application LI LI;LI RONG-YU;LI CHENG-TAO;ET AL. (. INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCES;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;.SHANGHAI BIOSTAR GENECHIP RESEARCH INSTITUTE;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 90-95.  Abstract ( 2213 )   Objective Research on the application feasibility of SNP genotyping for forensic identification by microarrays. Methods Oligonucleotide microarrays which could detect 31 different SNPs were used. Population studies on 31 SNP loci was carried out in a sample of 109 unrelated Chinese Han individuals using oligonucleotide microarrays for genotype detection. The method was also applied to cases. Results No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium could be found at the 31 SNP loci 4 loci were medium informative and 27 were high informative. The combination discrimination power (CDP) of the 31 optimal informative SNPs was 0.999 999 999 997 9. The matching probability was 2.13×10-12. The average exclusion probability in duos and trios were 0.960 9 and 0.997 0 respectively. Conclusion The data and case application demonstrated that SNP typing by oligonucleotide probe microarrays was a useful technique for paternity testing and individual identification. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The STR Typing System by Fluorescence Labeled Multiplex-PCR Technique and its Forensic Application LI YING-BI;WU JING;HOU YI-PING;ET AL. (SCHOOL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 96-99.  Abstract ( 2135 )   Objective To build the four STR loci typing system by fluorescence labeled Multiplex-PCR technique, applied in the parentage test and personal identification in forensic medicine. Methods The primer of D3S1754 and D1S549 were labeled with 6-FAM and TMR respectively, primers of D4S2366 and D12S375 were labeled with HEX. Multiplex-PCR products were analysed on the ABI PRISMTM 310 Genetic Analyzer where the Data Collection Software 3.0, the GeneScan Analysis Software 3.7NT and the Genotyper?誖3.7NT Software were used. This typing system has been emploied in the parentage test and personal identification of casework. Results A method of typing four STR loci by fluorescence labeled Multiplex-PCR technique had been constructed . It has showed good sensitive and stability, and met the needs of parentage test and personal identification in forensic medicine. Conclusion The constructed method can be used in studying genetic polymorphisms and parentage test or personal identification in forensic medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Forensic Applications of the Sequencing of Mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome Oxidase SubunitⅠGene for Sarcosaphagous Flies (Diptera) in Huhhot and Dunhuang District CAI JI-FENG;DONG JIAN-GUO;LIU MIN;ET AL. (.WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;.DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY;SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL MEDICINE;SHANGHAI SECOND MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 00 2005, 0(2): 100-103+.  Abstract ( 2012 )   Objective To solve the problems of identification of Sarcosaphagous flies and their larvae, pupas and eggs. Methods Sarcosaphagous Flies (Diptera) Samples were collected on the corpses of rabbits in the Huhhot district and a pig in the Dunhuang district. A 278bp region in the cytochrome oxidase subunitⅠ (COⅠ) gene in mtDNA was analysed by DNA sequencing, A neighbour-jioning tree using the Tamura and Nei model of nucleotide substitution was also constructed using the MEGA2.1 package. Results A 278 base pairs region of the gene for COⅠencoding region of mtDNA of above all samples was showed less than 1% sequence divergence within species and about 3% divergence between species. Conclusion It is an effective, easy and accurate method to be used for identification of these Sarcosaphagous Flies (Diptera) to species group by sequencing the 278 base pairs region of the COⅠencoding gene of mtDNA. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Study of CTnI Immunohistochemistry on Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rabbits JIA JIAN-ZHANG;ZHAO ZI-QIN;GU YUN-JU;ET AL. (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANGHAI MEDICAL COLLEGE;FUDAN UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI;000;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 104-106+.  Abstract ( 2018 )   Objective To investigate the signification of CTnI in acute myocardial infarction Methods The model of myocardial infarction was established by ligating the left ventricle branch. Immunohistochemistry and image analysis were used to detect the change of CTnI in the model, and The sensitivity of immunohistochemistry and HE coloration were also compared. Results The acute myocardial infarction tissue showed obvious depletion of CTnI, there was no characterization of myocardial infarction in HE coloration. Conclusion CTnI is sensitive to diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Study on Ultra-structural Pathological Changes of Rats Poisoned by Tetramine ZHU CHUAN-HONG;LIU LIANG;LIU YAN;ET AL. (. DEPARTMENT OF MEDICOLEGAL;TONGJI MEDICAL COLLEGE;HUAZHONG SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY;WUHAN 000;CHINA;.DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINAL POLICE;WUHAN PUBLIC SECURITY BUREAU;WUHAN 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 107-109+.  Abstract ( 2097 )   Objective To observe ultra-structural pathological changes of materiality viscera of rats poisoned by different dose of tetramine and to study the toxic mechanism. Methods Acute and subacute tetramine toxicity models were made by oral administration with different dose of tetramine. Brain, heart, liver, spleen and kidney were extracted and observed by electromicroscopic examination. Results The injuries of brain cells, cardiocytes and liver cells were induced by different dose of tetramine. These were not obviously different of the injuries of the kindy cells and spleen cells of rats poisoned by different dose of tetramine. Ultra-structural pathological changes were abserved including mitochondria slight swelling and neurolemma′s array turbulence in the brain cells, mitochondria sweeling or abolish and rupture of muscle fiber in the heart cells, mitochondria swelling and the glycogen decreased in the liver cells. Conclusion The toxic target organs of tetramine are the heart, brain and liver. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A Study on the Relationship between the Degradation of Protein and the Postmortem Interval XIAO JUN-HUI;CHEN YU-CHUAN(DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY;PRELIMINARY MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SUN YAT-SEN UNIVERSITY;GUANGZHOU 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 110-112.  Abstract ( 1889 )   Objective To observe the degradation of actin and tubulin in the liver tissue of rats after death and to find an objective indicator of the postmortem interval(PMI). Methods Female rats were killed under anesthesia by ether and incubated at 21℃ in a temperature controlled system to simulate postmortem changes for 18 days postmortem. Protein in the hepatic tissue was extracted, actin and tubulin were then examined by western blot. Thereafter, the semi-quantitative analysis of the image of western blot was performed. Results Actin in the liver tissue of rats could be detected at 8 days postmortem, but could not be examined after 10 days postmortem. β-tubulin rather than α-tubulin could be examined after 2 days postmortem, and β-tubulin could not be examined at 4 days postmortem. Conclusion There is some difference in the degradation between actin and tubulin, their different preservation period postmortem may be used as a parameter for PMI estimation. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Estimation of Postmortem Intervals by Using Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ZHAN LAN;ZHAO ZI-QIN;SHEN YI-WEN;ET AL. (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANGHAI MEDICAL COLLEGE;FUDAN UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 113-114.  Abstract ( 2362 )   Objective To investigate the relationship between DNA degradeation and postmortem interval. Methods dUTP was transferred to 3′terminal of DNA by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TDT), then the reminders of dUTP after experimental reaction, as indicator of quantity of DNA degradation, were detected. Results The reminders of dUTP were decreasing along with the postmortem interval. Conclusion Postmortem DNA degradation may be used in postmortem interval judgment. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Research of Relationship between DNA Degradation and Postmortem Interval CHEN XIN;SHEN YI-WEN;GU YUN-JU;ET AL. (.SHANGHAI INSTITUTE OF CRIMINAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;. DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANGHAI MEDICAL COLLEGE;FUDAN UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 115-117.  Abstract ( 2128 )   Objective To investigate the relationship between the DNA degradation in cells and postmortem interval. Methods Tissue pieces of the heart, liver, spleen and kidney of one corpse (male, 54 years old, died of mechanical injury, PMI of 6h) were obtained in 6, 12, 24, 48 h after death, fixed in Carnoy fluid, and then paraffin sections were prepared, stained with Feulgen and analyzed by Image analysis technology (IAT). Meanwhile the single-cell suspension of tissues of the man was prepared and inspected by FCM after PI stained. Results The amount of DNA of in heart, liver and kidney of human had a repid degraded in first 6 hours after death, that in the spleen showed a better relationship between DNA degradation and PMI. The results was verified by FCM and IAT. Conclusion The degradation of DNA of and human tissues shows a well relationship with PMI, especially in spleen. It is useful in estimation of PMI. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Study on Identification of Aconiti by Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry PAN AI-HUA;LIU JIE (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC TOXICOLOGICAL ANALYSIS;PRECLINICAL SCHOOL;SUN YAT-SEN UNIVERSITY;GUANGZHOU 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 118-120.  Abstract ( 2025 )   Objective The merhod of determination of traditional Chinese medicine of aconitum root has been established by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Methods With optimized matrix of 2,5-Dihydroxy- benzoic acid for herbal extract, the identification of aconitum root by MALDI-TOF-MS has been conditioned. By comparison of mass spetra of various of aconitium root ,their fingerprint mass-to-charge ratios were found to perform identification. With the characteristic mass-to-charge ratios ,It was shown that the mass spectrum of raw aconitum roots were obviously different from that of processed aconitum roots. Results The raw radix aconiti could be differentiated from radix aconiti preparate by determination of MALDI-TOF-MS. Conclusion The identifical method of aconitum root by MALDI-TOF-MS is rapid,precise and sensitive,it can be used in toxicological analysis of medical tangle and illegal medical practice. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Ion-pair Solid-phase Extraction(SPE) and HPLC Analysis of Paraquat in Biological Sample WANG RUI-HUA;SU SHAO-MING;QIN GUANG-MING;ET AL. (. FORENSIC MEDICINE SCHOOL OF KUNMING MEDICAL COLLEGE;KUNMING 00;CHINA;. CRIMINAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE OF YUXI PUBLIC SECURITY BUREAU;YUXI 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 121-123.  Abstract ( 1982 )   Objective To establish an HPLC method for the determination of Paraquat in biological samples. Methods Paraquat in biological samples was extracted by C18 columns which were pre-treated with cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) and soudium dodecyl sulphate(SDS), and analysed by HPLC/DAD. Results The detection limit of the method was 1ng·mL-1,and the average recoveries were 81%～94%. Conclusion The method can be used to analysis of paraquat in biological samples. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Study on Identification of Lidocaine in Blood and CSF by GC/MS WEI ZHI-WEN;YUN KE-MING;ZHANG NAN;ET AL. (SCHOOL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANXI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;TAIYUAN 0000;CHINA) [ 2005, 0(2): 124-126.  Abstract ( 2164 )   Objective To establish a rapid and simple gas chromatographic-mass spectric method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of lidocaine in blood and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF). Methods Following an acidification of HCl , blood or CSF was alkalinized with NaOH (pH=9) and extracted with ether for two times. Evaporated in a water bath and with an air velocity of nitrogen gas, extract was dissolved with ethanol and analyzed by a gas chromatographic-mass spectrum method, lidocaine was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by GC/MS (SIM:86,58,72,87). Results Linear range of lidocaine detected in blood or CSF by this method is 1.0-60.0μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9), the minimum detected concentration of lidocaine was 0.02 μg·mL-1(S/N=3),recovery is at 85%-103%. This method was used in the determination of lidocaine in dog model died of the anesthesia with lidocaine. Conclusion This study provided a gas chromatographic-mass spectric analysis for lidocaine in blood and CSF. This method was more selective, little interferefering, more sensitivities and simpler. It could be used in the detection of lidocaine in biological fluids.[ Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of Virtual Reality Technique in Forensic Pathology XIAO JIAN;ZHANG HUI-XIA;LIU LIANG (.MEDICAL SCHOOL OF WUHAN POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY;WUHAN 00;CHINA;.RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF WUHAN NO HOSPITAL;WUHAN 00;CHINA;.FACULTY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;TONGJI MEDICAL COLLEGE HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY O 2005, 0(2): 146-148.  Abstract ( 1839 )   This article reviewed general information, application and progress of the virtual reality (VR) technique. Lectures showed that the VR technique would impact and prompt the teaching, experiment, research and application of forensic pathology with the development of operation guiding system, virtual autopsy, micro-imaging technique. Because of the limitation of software, hardware and the expense, the VR technique needed to be improved and perfected. [ Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Research Progression of S100β as a Neurochemistry Maker HUANG PING;WANG ZHEN-YUAN;TUO YA (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE;XI′AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY;XI′AN 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 149-151.  Abstract ( 2228 )   S100β is one kind of the calcium binding proteins. As growth factor of neuraxon, it is excreted by neuroglial cell, and distributing in nerve tissue extensively. Although S100β has very important values neurophysiological, it also has neurotoxicity with excreting overmuch. Concentration of S100β changes regularity in serum after the brain injury. In addition, it has a close relations with the degree of brain damage, which can be regarded as the neural new marker of biochemistry after brain damage. The advances of S100β protein, in the research on neurophysiological values and its application for nerve tissue injury, disease were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Development of Research on Enzymes Related to Morphine-Dependent HONG SHI-JUN(THE FACULTY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;KUNMING MEDICAL COLLEGE;KUNMING 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 152-154+.  Abstract ( 1944 )   The mechanism of morphine dependent is a complex Procedure. It involves in many complex mechanisms such as the ultra-structure of synapse of special brain areas, neurotransmitter,enzymology, and so on. These mechanisms have closely correlation. In this paper we reveiwed the development in enzymological mechanism of morphine dependent enzymes including protein kinase (PK), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) ,superoxide dismutase (SOD),adenylate cyclase (AC), Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)and 3β-Hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD). Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Application of Telomere DNA in Age Estimation of Forensic Medicine SUN HONG-WEI;GAO CAI-RONG (SCHOOL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANXI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;TAIYUAN 0000;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 155-158.  Abstract ( 1795 )   Estimating tooth age and skeletal age are the two primary methods in age estimation of forensic medicine. But they are often impacted with geographical environment, nutrition, habitation and ethenologic differences,so the accuracy will be reduced, especially to the adult. With the study of telomere, it is certain that the length of the telomere DNA can reflect the cell division and represent the cell lifespan,and it has some pertinence to the age of the donor, so to measure the length of telomere DNA is a new and valuable method for age estimation in the forensic medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Joint Applications of DNA Chips and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Forensic Science BAI PENG;TIAN LI;ZHOU XUE-PING;ET AL. (COLLEGE OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 159-161+.  Abstract ( 2098 )   DNA chip technology, being a new high-technology, shows its vigorous life and rapid growth. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) is the most common diversity in the human genome. It provides suitable genetic markers which play a key role in disease linkage study,pharmacogenomics,forensic medicine,population evolution and immigration study. Their advantage such as being analyzed with DNA chips technology, is predicted to play an important role in the field of forensic medicine, especially in paternity test and individual identification. This report mainly reviews the characteristics of DNA chip and SNPs,and their joint applications in the practice of forensic medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Forensic Applications of Sex Chromosomes and Mtdna Genetic Markers ZHOU WEI;DING MEI;MENG JIN-HUA (. SEVEN-YEARS INSTITUTION OF CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;SHENYANG 000;CHINA;. FORENSIC INSTITUTION OF CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;SHENYANG 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 162-164.  Abstract ( 2356 )   This article summarizes the structure and heredity characteristics of sex chromosomes and mtDNA, presents the advantages and disadvantages of genetic markers'on them in the practice of forensic medicine which aims at promoting more widely using of the non-euchromosome DNA genetic markers in the forensic science. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Determination of Ketamine and its Metabolites in Biological Samples CHEN LI-LI;LIAO LIN-CHUAN WANG ZHOU-LI(WEST CHINA PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE COLLEDGE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(2): 165-167.  Abstract ( 2124 )   The abuse of ketamine has gained popularity in recent years. It is important to develop rapid and accurate methods to determine ketamine and its metabolites in biological samples. The metabolites of ketamine are norketamine and dehydronorketamine in vivo. At present, there are blood, urine,hair and so on as specimens for detection, while the methods include GC,GC/MS,HPLC,LC/MS,HPCE etc. In this paper,these methods used for ketamine and its metabolites were reviewed in order to provide some preference for the study in relative fields. Related Articles | Metrics