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28 February 2005, Volume 21 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Distribution of Haplotypes for Four Y-STR Loci and Validation in Forensic Science by Using a Double-Fluorescent Multiplex PCR System SHI MEI-SEN;LI YING-BI;YING BIN-WU;ET AL. (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC BIOLOGY;WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 1-5.  Abstract ( 2490 )   Objective We focus on developing a multiplex PCR system for Y-STR loci that can be detected by double fluorescent system and assessing their usefulness in forensic mixture samples. Methods The primers of four Y-STR loci (DYS-GATA-A10,DYS531,DYS557 and DYS448) amplified by multiplex PCR technique were labeled with fluorescence, then the PCR products of these Y-STRs loci were detecting and typing by ABI PRISM310 Genetic Analyzer. Results When 120 unrelated individuals from the Han population in Chengdu were detected by the system, Y-GATA-A10,DYS531,DYS557 and DYS448 showed 5, 5, 8, 7 alleles, respectively. A total of 78 different haplotypes was identified and the genetic diversity reached 0.9881.To the three cases of mixture stains failed by using conventional autosomal STR analysis, our multiplex system drew conforming conclusion comparing to the suspect′s Y-STRs genotypes. Conclusion Our results show that the multiplex system of four Y-STR will be very powerful for Y-STR database establishing, the paternity testing and mixture stains identifying. Related Articles | Metrics

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DNA Samples Preparation from Single Cell and its Application in Sensitivity Test DENG JIAN-QIANG;SHI MEI-SEN;YING BING-WU;ET AL. (.INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;. INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00 CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 6-8.  Abstract ( 2077 )   Objective To establish a reliable, exact and practical method to prepare DNA samples for sensitivity-test purposes. Methods The micromanipulation method was employed to prepare exact quantity DNA samples used to study the sensitivity of Profiler Plus?誖Kit-ABI PRISMTM 310 system. Results We succeed in establishing a micromanipulation method to prepare groups of DNA samples ,which contain 1-11 cells in turn, and also succeed in using them to study the sensitivity of Profiler Plus?誖Kit-ABI 310 system. Conclusion The method we have established is proved to be a reliable, exact and practical way to prepare DNA samples for sensitivity-test purposes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Detecting Haplotypes of Four Y-STR by Multiplex Amplification LIU QIU-LING;LU DE-JIAN;XU NI-MEI;ET AL. (FAULTY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;ZHONG SHAN MEDICAL COLLEGE;ZHONG SHAN UNIVERSITY;GUANGZHOU 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 9-10+1.  Abstract ( 2076 )   Objective To establish a multiplexing Y-STR system and study haplotype frequencies of 4 Y-specific loci in China Han population. Methods DYS439?DYS390?GATA-A7.2 and DYS393 loci were amplified simultaneously and were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. Results When 558 unrelated male individuals from the Han population in China were tested by the multiplex system, DYS439?DYS390?GATA-A7.2 and DYS393 show 7,7,7,6 alleles, respectively. 180 different haplotypes were detected. The power of discrimination of this system was 0.9853. Conclusion The multiplex amplified system of these 4 Y-specific loci and their database are useful for human origin exploration and forensic practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Simple and Rapid Modified -New Method for SNP Typing by Fragment Length Discrepant Allele Specific PCR HUANG DAI-XIN;YANG QING-EN;ZHAO GUI-SEN (FACULTY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;TONGJI MEDICAL COLLEGE;HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;WUHAN 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 11-14.  Abstract ( 2191 )   Objective To establish a new method for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing based on allele specific PCR: fragment length discrepant allele specific PCR (FLDAS-PCR), and study the influence on specific extension by introducing a mismatch at the third or fourth 3′-terminal base of allele specific primers. Methods For SNP loci rs759117 and rs760887, two allele specific forward primers, with different length and a mismatch introduced at the third or fourth 3′-terminal base, and a public reverse primer were designed for SNP typing. The genotyping of SNP was determined by the two allele specific fragments different in size after polyacrylamide gel and silver staining. Results The different homozygote genotypes comprised a single band with different size respectively, and the heterozygote genotypes comprised two bands. Typing results were completely consistent with those by direct sequencing. Non-specific primer extension was decreased remarkably after introducing a mismatch at the third or fourth 3′-terminal base of allele specific primers, and the stringency of PCR reaction was cut down. Conclusion FLDAS-PCR is a simple, rapid and efficient new method for SNP typing. During FLDAS-PCR, specific primers with a mismatch at the third or fourth 3′-terminal base have more power to identify two alleles. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comprehensively Analysis the Correlation between the Height of a Person and the Length of his/her Footprint HU XIANG-YANG;YAO HUI-FANG;LIN JIAN-HUI (HUBEI POLICE OFFICER COLLEGE;WUHAN 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 15-18.  Abstract ( 1879 )   Objective Comprehensively analysis the correlation and the law of variation between the height of a person and the length of his/her footprint. Methods Collecting footprint samples of those people of different age and sex from different area all of our country, and adopt the regressive analysis method to study these samples. Results A sum of useful data and regressive equation were obtained. Conclusion The correlation between the height of a person and the length of his/her footprint is obviously, the approximate height of a person can be reckoned according to the length of his/her footprints. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Preliminary Study on Estimation of Postmortem Interval According to β-actin mRNA Stability in Rat XIAO JUN-HUI;CHEN YU-CHUAN;WANG JIANG-FENG;ET AL. (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY;PRELIMINARY MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SUN YAT-SEN UNIVERSITY;GUANGZHOU 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 19-20.  Abstract ( 2010 )   Objective In order to find a new parameter to estimate the postmortem interval, β-actin mRNA in lung and thoracic muscle of rats was detected at different time point postmortem. Methods Rats were killed by neck dislocation and left in a temperature controlling system at 21 ℃ for 12 days postmortem. Total RNA in lung and thoracic muscle at different time point was extracted and β-actin mRNA expression was examined by RT-PCR. Semi-quantification analysis of the image of electrophoresis was performed to confirm the changes of β-actin mRNA expression. Results β-actin mRNA in lung of rats still could be detected at 12 days postmortem, but disappeared in thoracic muscle at 8 days postmortem. Conclusion The expression of β-actin mRNA in lung and thoracic muscle could be a new parameter for estimation of PMI. Related Articles | Metrics

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Primarily Study and Significance of ET-1 During Ischemia with RT-PCR MA MENG-YUN;XU XIAO-HU (SHENZHEN INSTITUTE OF CRIMINAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;SHENZHEN 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 21-23+2.  Abstract ( 2055 )   Objective To explore the relationship between expression of endothelin in heart and ischemia. Methods Using the RT-PCR method, we enquiry changes of ET-1 RNA after 60min ischemia in hearts of rats. Results Although the two group appear positive, they are different significantly, which indicate that ischemia may lead to the increase of ET-1 mRNA. Conclusion The experiment, therefore, pave a way for immunochemical study. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on the Expression of HSP70 and iNOS after Human Brain Contusion ZHANG WEI;WANG DE-WEN;SUN XIAO-DONG;ET AL. ( SCHOOL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;SHENYANG 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 24-26.  Abstract ( 2017 )   Objective To study the relationship between expression of HSP70, iNOS and traumatic brain contusion (TBI) in different posttraumatic intervals. Methods 35 samples of brain contusion were examined using immunohistochemecal staining to evaluate the expression of HSP70 and iNOS. Results Maximal HSP70 expression was found at 0h after brain contusion. The intensity of HSP70 staining decreased remarkably to the minimum at 24 h after TBI, then increased gradually. Expression of iNOS positive cells increased significantly and reached the maximum level 48h after TBI, then the expression decreased gradually from the 2nd day to the 11th day. Conclusion The changes of HSP70 and iNOS immunohstochemical staining can be used as a referential data for estimating time interval after human brain contusion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Detecting DNA Damage of Cell in Rats Using Comet Assay after Tetramine Poisoned ZHU CHUAN-HONG;LIU YAN;DENG LI-BIN;ET AL. (.DEPARTMENT OF MEDICOLEGAL;TONGJI MEDICAL COLLEGE;HUAZHONG SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY;WUHAN 000;CHINA;.DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINAL POLICE;PUBLIC SECURITY BUREAU IN WUHAN 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 27-29.  Abstract ( 1996 )   Objective To study the damage of DNA in lymphocytes ,brain cells and cardiac muscle cells of rats induced by different dose of tetramine and to speculate the toxicant mechanism of tetramine. Methods The rat were poisoned by Tetramine, which was taken in by mouth. The rat poisoning models were used by 0.2,0.1,0.05,0.01mg·kg-1 Tetramine, and comparison model was made by NS. Lymphocytes and brain cells and cardiac muscle cells of rats were separatd and collected form experimentation rat. DNA damages of cells which were exposed to different doses of tetramine were detected using the single cell gel electrophorresis (SCGE) or comet assay. Results DNA damages have been observed in lymphocytes ,brain cells and cardiac muscle cells of rats which exposed form 0.01mg·kg-1 doses of tetramine to 0.2mg·kg-1 doses of tetramine. The test groups are very significantly statistical different to the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion It is assumed that DNA damages of cells might be one of the toxicant mechanism of tetramine. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Diagnostic Value of SEP in LDH and its Forensic Significance XU XIAO-MING;LIU XING-BEN;ZHENG CHUAN-FEI;ET AL. (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;SHENYANG 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 30-33.  Abstract ( 2019 )   Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of somatosensory evoked potential(SEP) in lumbosacral disc herniation(LDH). Methods Posterior tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potential(PTNSEP) and dermatomal somatosensory evoked potential(DSEP) were recorded from 60 patients with radiculopathy caused by LDH and 30 healthy subjects. Results DSEP was abnormal in 56 cases(93.3%) and PTNSEP was abnormal in 26 cases(43.3%).The significant difference was observed(P<0.001).The abnormality of DSEP from L4 dermatome was detected mainly in patients with L3-4 LDH, the abnormality of DSEP from L5 dermatome was detected mainly in patients with L4-5 LDH, the abnormality of DSEP from L5S1 dermatome was detected mainly in patients with S1 LDH.DSEP can reflect the compressed extent of nerve root. Conclusions There was a good correlation of DSEP with lumbosacral nerve root injury,which supplement the information that can not be provided by imaging examingation.DSEP is a sensitive electrophysic method that not only is used to evaluate single nerve root function,but also is helpful in the location of the lesion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Separation and Determination of Aconitine in Medicine Wine by Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography LI HONG-HAI;YU LIU-SHENG;JIN MING (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;BUREAU OF YUEYANG PUBLIC SECURITY;YUEYANG 000;CHINA;. TONGJI MEDICAL COLLEGE;HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;WUHAN 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 34-35+3.  Abstract ( 2026 )   Objective For the purpose of more accurate and rapid analysis of aconitine in medicine wine, a reversed-phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method was developed. Methods Standard aconitine was added to the blank wine when the wine sample was pretreated. The pretreatment method of samples, the linear range, the precision, the recoveries in the plasma were investigated by using of white wine plasma spiked with standard aconitine. Results The linear range was 0.45～9.0 μg·mL-1, r=0.998 8. The detective limit was 0.45 μg·mL-1, The intra and inter-day precision of assay for aconitine were less than 3.1% and 4.7% (n=5) in wine respectively. The recoveries of aconitine were more (97.3±2.8)% in medicine wine. The HPLC method has been used to investigate the concentration of aconitine in one forensic medicine case. Conclusion The HPLC method of quantitative analysis aconitine is rapid and sensitive. It is only in the 2.0 h that determination of aconitine in the medicine wine. Related Articles | Metrics

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Concentration and Determination of Strychnine Alkaloid in Biological Fluids ZHANG JING;HE LANG-CHONG.FU QIANG (SCHOOL OF MEDICINE;XI′AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY;XI′AN 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 36-38.  Abstract ( 1871 )   Objective To establish a new method for determination of strychnine alkaloid in biological fluids based on molecularly imprinted polymers. Methods A strychnine molecularly imprinted monolithic column was prepared by in-situ molecularly imprinted technique. The polymer was filled to a 1cm column, and a method was developed to concentrate and determine strychnine alkaloids in biological fluids. Results The limit of detection of the method was 4.9 ng, and the recoveries were more than 92%. The relative standard deviations were smaller than 6.59%. The linear correlation coefficients of standard curves were 0.999 1 and 0.996 6 respectively. This method was applied to concentrate and determine strychnine in plasma and urine of poisoned rabbit. Conclusion The new method could concentrate and simultaneously determine strychnine alkaloids in biological fluids, and it was applied to forensic toxicological analysis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the Research of Vitamin D Receptor Gene XU BO;WANG BAO-JIE (SCHOOL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;SHENYANG 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 55-57+6.  Abstract ( 1975 )   The polymorphism of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene may be associated with bone density, osteoporosis and body height. In this review, the authors summarize the association of the four VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci FokI, BsmI, ApaI, TaqI with bone density, osteoporosis and body height reported at home and abroad in recent years. And find that though each country′s report may be different, it′s valuable in the field of genetics, clinical endocrinology and metabolism, especially in the research area of body height in Forensic Medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Research Progress in Marfan Syndrome ZHU SHAO-HUA;LIU LIANG (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;TONGJI MEDICAL COLLEGE;HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;WUHAN 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 58-60.  Abstract ( 1936 )   Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a potentially fatal connective disorder that is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with a prevalence of around 2-3 in 10 000 live births. It is characterized by defects in the cardiovascular, skeletal and ocular systems. Evidence from genetic indicates that mutations in FBN1, the gene that encodes fibrillin-1 are responsible for MFS. In addition to skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular feathers, patients with MFS have also involvement of skin, integument, lungs, and muscle tissue, and the condition in sudden death is also very common due to severe abnormalities of cardiovascular system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Applications of DNA Methylation Markers in Forensic Medicine ZHAO GUI-SEN;YANG QING-EN (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;TONGJI MEDICAL COLLEGE;HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY;HUBEI 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 61-64.  Abstract ( 2170 )   DNA methylation is a post-replication modification that is predominantly found in cytosines of the dinucleotide sequence CpG. Epigenetic information is stored in the distribution of the modified base 5-methylcytosine. DNA methylation profiles represent a more chemically and biologically stable source of molecular diagnostic information than RNA or most proteins. Recent advances attest to the great promise of DNA methylation markers as powerful future tools in the clinic. In the past decade, DNA methylation analysis has been revolutionized by two technological advances - bisulphite modification of DNA and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). The methylation pattern of human genome is space-time specific, sex-specific, parent-of-origin specific and disease specific, providing us an alternative way to solve forensic problems. Related Articles | Metrics

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Molecular Biology Advance in the Rh Blood Group System SUN ZHI-GANG;DING MEI;WANG BAO-JIE (SCHOOL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;SHENYANG 000;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 65-67.  Abstract ( 2396 )   The Rh blood group system is one of the most complex of the known human blood group polymorphisms, including above 45 blood group antigens. Considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the molecular basis of Rh in the past 10 years. The bases of Rh inheritance, RH gene and its evolution, the structure and function of Rh complex, as well as nonerythroid Rh homolog, have been determined. Further improvements have been made in the technology of Rh genotyping. The review provides an update on the advance of Rh blood group to give information in the practice of forensic science. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Study of the Sequence of Molecular Markers of Mitochondrial DNA of Sarcosaphagous Flies CAI JI-FENG;YING BIN-WU;TAO TAO;ET AL. (FORENSIC PATHOLOGY DEPARTMENT;SCHOOL OF LEGAL MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA) 2005, 0(1): 68-72.  Abstract ( 2124 )   Identifying sarcosaphagous flies specimens is an important first step in a forensic-entomological analysis. It is traditionally performed using morphological features of the Sarcosaphagous Flies. However, Morphological identification may be complicated by the numerical diversity of species and physical similarity between different species, particularly in immature stages. The sequences focused on some sections of the cytochrome oxidase Ⅰ and Ⅱ (COⅠ and COⅡ) encoding region of mtDNA could be as the prospective basis of a diagnostic technique. By Analysis of these sequences, forensic doctors can reveal abundant phylogenetic informative nucleotide substitutions that could effectively identify Sarcosaphagous flies to species group. It was not reported in our country before and was reviewed in this article now. Related Articles | Metrics