Abstract: Three cases of newborn emphysema were reported. Parenchymatous emphysema, interstitial emphysema and bullous emphysema were all found in the three cases. One of the three cases showed accumulation of air in interstitial tissue. The air penetrated into septa of the lung at the beginning, then it probably split the hilus pulmonis to reach mediastinum as well as subcutaneous tissues of the chest, neck, abdomen, inguinal region and scrotum. The oxygen inhalation under pressure during first-aid may be the cause of the newborn emphysema.

Key words: newborn, emphysema, oxygen inhalation under pressure