Archive

28 February 2012, Volume 28 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

---

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

The Number of Circulating Fibrocytes of Skeletal Muscle in Rats after Contusion LI LI-QIANG, YU TIAN-SHUI, GUAN DA-WEI, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 1-5,11.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.001 Abstract ( 2004 )   Objection To investigate the time-dependent appearance of circulating fibrocytes of skeletal muscle in rats after contusion. Methods The model of skeletal muscle wound was established in rat. The circulating fibrocytes in contused skeletal muscle were detected by CD45 and procollagen Ⅰ double immunofluorescence staining method. Results In the control group, CD45- and procollagen Ⅰ-positive cells were not detected in skeletal muscle. A few CD45 cells were observed aged from 6 h to 1 d after contusion. A few CD45- and procollagen Ⅰ-positive cells（fibrocytes） initially gathered in injury area 3 d after injury. The ratio of positive fibrocytes significantly increased 5 d after injury. The ratio of fibrocytes was highest at 7 d after contusion and then decreased. The volume of fibrocytes showed bigger with injury time increase compared with 3 d group. The expression of procollagen Ⅰ and CD45 were weakened at 14 d after injury. Conclusion The circulating fibrocytes are detected in contused skeletal muscle in time-dependent pattern. Circulating fibrocytes may be a marker in the wound age determination for contused skeletal muscle. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Changes of Biomechanical Properties of Soft Tissues in Underwater Corpse for Postmortem Interval Estimation TANG GU, ZHOU HUI, WANG JIA-WEN, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 6-11.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.002 Abstract ( 1888 )   Objective To explore the postmortem changes of biomechanical properties of underwater corpses and value for estimating postmortem interval. Methods SD rats were sacrificed by cervical vertebra dislocation and stored in the water at constant temperature. The vessel wall, skin, muscle, small intestine and colon were sampled at different postmortem time points （0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 18 h, 24 h, 30 h, 36 h, 42 h, 48 h, 60 h, 72 h, 96 h, 120 h, 144 h, 168 h, 192 h）. The biomechanics properties of different soft tissues including ultimate load, strain, maximum stress were measured by electronic universal material testing machine. Results Except for the vessel wall, the biomechanics properties of skin, muscle, small intestine and colon showed linear decrease gradually after death. Each tissue displayed its obvious “window period” for PMI estimation. Conclusion The time-sequential changes of biomechanical property parameters of soft tissue in underwater corpses are significantly correlated with PMI and it could be a simple and quantitive new technology for estimating PMI. The specific heat capacity of the heat-eliminating medium around the corpses probably is one of the physical factors to influence algor mortis, autolysis, putrefaction and biomechanics properties. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Restraint Position on Changes of Diaphragmatic Mechanical Characteristic in Rats XIANG JIAN, GUAN SU-DONG, YAN JUN, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 12-17.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.003 Abstract ( 1925 )   Objective To observe effects of restraint position on the changes of diaphragmatic mechanical characteristic in rats, and try to explore the role of nitric oxide（NO）. Methods Rat model of restraint position was established. Rats were divided into control group, restraint position 12 h and 24 h groups. The markers of respiratory functions in vivo and the biomechanical markers of diaphragmatic characteristic ex vivo were evaluated. Serum NO levels were measured with spectrophotometry. The expressions of nNOS and iNOS mRNA in diaphragm were detected using RT-PCR. Results Compared with control group, respiratory rate, tidal volume and minute ventilation were significantly decreased in the restraint position 12 h and 24 h groups. Pt of diaphragm significantly decreased and force-generating capacity reduced at low frequency stimulation in 12 h group. Force-generating capacity over the full range reduced at low and high frequency stimulation in 24 h group. Pt of diaphragm in control and restraint position groups increased after L-NNA pre-incubation. Force-frequency relationship after L-NNA pre-incubation reduced in 24 h group. NO level in serum increased significantly in the restraint position groups. Diaphragmatic nNOS mRNA expression was upregulated significantly in the restraint position groups. Conclusion Restraint position induces the decreasement of diaphragmatic contractility and the decreasement is mediated by NO from diaphragm or circulation blood. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression of FAPα and TGF-β1 in Sudden Deaths due to Acute Myocardial Ischemia YUAN XIANG-TIAN, PENG XUE, JIN ZHAN-FENG 2012, 28(1): 18-20.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.004 Abstract ( 1809 )   Objective To explore the expression of fibroblast activation protein α （FAPα） and transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） in myocardial cytoplasm for the cases of sudden death due to acute myocardial ischemia. Methods The heart tissues of 47 cases were collected. All cases were divided into three groups： control group, acute myocardial infarction group and recurrent myocardial infarction group. FAPα and TGF-β1 expressions were explored in myocardial cytoplasm by immunohistochemistry technology. The staining results were collected by image analysis system and then the positive area ratio and average optical density were detected. The positive signal differences were compared among the groups. Results Strong FAPα and TGF-β1 expressions were detected in myocardial cytoplasm in both acute and recurrent myocardial infarction groups. The expression of FAPα was not detected in myocardial cytoplasm in control group and TGF-β1 expression showed a weak positive result. FAPα and TGF-β1 expressions showed the statistical difference（P<0.05） in myocardial infarction （acute and recurrent） groups and control group. Conclusion FAPα and TGF-β1 can be the diagnostic markers for determing acute myocardial infarction. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of Variation of Han Male Adolescent Bone Development in Hainan, Henan and Zhejiang Provinces WAN LEI, YING CHONG-LIANG, XIA WEN-TAO, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 21-23,27.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.005 Abstract ( 1777 )   Objective To study the difference of bone development of the Han male adolescents in Hainan, Henan and Zhejiang provinces. Methods All radiographs including sternal end of clavicle, pelvis and six main bone joints taken from 877 Han male adolescents aged between 12.00 and 20.00 in Hainan, Henan and Zhejiang provinces were reviewed. Twenty-four indices of skeletal development were analyzed based on “The Grading Standards” of skeletal growth of teenagers and then the bone age were calculated using mathematical model functions. The ratios of the bone age and the chronological age were then analyzed by statistical software. Results The development of Hainan male adolescents’ skeleton were about 1.09 years and 1.26 years earlier than that in Henan and Zhejiang at the age group of 12.00-12.99 years. The development of Hainan male adolescents’ skeleton were about 0.70 years and 1.38 years earlier than that in Henan and Zhejiang at the age group of 13.00-13.99 years, while the development of Henan male adolescents’ skeleton were about 0.68 years earlier than that in Zhejiang in this age group. The development of Hainan male adolescents’ skeleton were about 0.79 years later than that in Henan at the age group of 18.00-18.99 years. The development of Hainan male adolescents’ skeleton were about 0.70 years and 0.95 years later than that in Henan and Zhejiang at the age group of 19.00-20.00 years. Conclusion There are significant differences in the skeleton development of Han male adolescents between the provinces of Hainan, Henan and Zhejiang. These results provide potential value for the practice of forensic medicine, anthropology and clinical medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of Contrast Vision in Identifying the Malingering Decreased Vision CHEN JIE-MIN, PENG SHU-YA, XIA WEN-TAO, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 24-27.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.006 Abstract ( 1854 )   Objective To study the application value of contrast vision in identifying the malingering decreased vision in the practice of clinical forensic medicine. Methods Thirty-one young and middle aged volunteers were selected and divided randomly into group 1（16 persons with 32 eyes） and group 2 （15 persons with 30 eyes）. The optotype contrast was 100%, 25%, 10% and 5%, respectively. The contrast vision of group 1 was tested. The contrast vision of group 2 was tested as follows： （1） the volunteers cooperated without inspector’s interference; （2） the volunteers cooperated under inspector’s interference; （3） the volunteers disguised decreased vision without inspector’s interference; （4） the volunteers disguised decreased vision under inspector’s interference. The data was then analyzed by statistics. Results There was a close correlation between contrast vision and contrast. As the contrast decreased, the vision acuity also decreased. The contrast vision curve of former two methods showed a good reproducibility while the contrast vision curve of latter two methods had a bad reproducibility. Conclusion The repetition of contrast curve with or without inspector’s interference can be used to discriminate malingering vision. The acquired contrast curves can be provided to the court as direct evidence and can help enhance the verification conclusion. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Characteristics and Distribution of ERP by Different Field Stimulation LIU XIAO-QIN, LI QIAN-QIAN, CHANG PAN, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 28-31,35.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.007 Abstract ( 1562 )   Objective　To study the variation of latency and amplitude of the event related potential （ERP） and its distribution in human scalp when the normal subjects were stimulated with different visual fields. Methods　The ERP recorded in scalp with the stimulation of 10° visual field and 60° visual field respectively in 20 healthy volunteers with normal visual function. Results Two different visual field stimulation may evoke the different exogenous components P1（70-125 ms）, N1（90-170 ms）, P2（140-220 ms） and endogenous components N2（190-280 ms） and P3（290-430 ms）. The latencies of all the components evoked by 10° visual field were shorter than that of the 60° visual field while the amplitudes of N1 and N2 were lower and appeared over the extensive encephalic region; and the amplitudes of the P1, P2 and P3 were higher and appeared in occipitotemporal, prefrontal and occipital region, respectively. Conclusion Two different visual field stimulation may evoke all the ERP components with significant differences in the latency, amplitude and distribution. The differences may reflect the different visual information integration and processing in human brain during the different visual field stimulation. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Reliability of the Violence Risk Scale of Chinese Version ZHANG XUE-LI, CHEN XIA-CAN, CAI WEI-XIONG, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 32-35.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.008 Abstract ( 2049 )   Objective To introduce and revise the Violence Risk Scale（VRS） for assessing violence risk and risk change, and to examine the reliability of Violence Risk Scale of Chinese version（VRS-C）. Methods The original English version of the VRS was translated into Chinese according to established translation procedures. To examine the scorer reliability the 14 cases assessed by 3 assessors separately. One hundred and twenty-five patients with mental disorders from 3 different institutions in Sichuan province （Refined Control Ward in Ankang Hospital, Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Institute of Forensic Science and Mental Health Center of West China Hospital） were collected to examine the reliability of VRS-C. Results The results showed moderately good scale reliability of the VRS-C, with 0.80 of ICC for scorer reliability. All items have significant consistence with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient as 0.921, split-half reliability as 0.906 and item total correlation as 0.246-0.849. Conclusion The reliability of the VRS-C version is acceptable. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Typing and Polymorphism Analysis of 16 STR Loci on X Chromosome LI LI, ZHAO SHU-MIN, ZHANG SU-HUA, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 36-40,43.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.009 Abstract ( 2184 )   Objective To develop a PCR-based X-STR kit for typing of 16 X-STR loci and investigate the polymorphisms of the X-STR markers. Methods Sixteen STR loci （GATA165B12, DXS101, GATA172D05, HPRTB, DXS981, DXS8378, DXS6795, GATA31E08, DXS6809, DXS6803, DXS9902, DXS6807, DXS7423, DXS7133, DXS6810 and DXS7132） located on X chromosome were selected. The primers for multiplex PCR were designed by Primer Premier 5.0 software and labeled by four fluorescences（FAM, HEX, TAMRA and ROX）. The developed multiplex PCR system was used for investigating the polymorphisms of the X-STR markers in Han populations. Results The 16-plex amplification system named IDtyper X-16 was successfully developed and validated. Among the 16 X-STR loci, DXS7133 and DXS7423 were found to be moderately polymorphic and the other 14 X-STR markers were highly polymorphic（PIC>0.5, H>0.5）. The cumulative discrimination power in females and in males were 0.999 999 999 999 97 and 0.999 999 993 respectively in Han population. The combined power of exclusion in trios and in duos were 0.999 999 93 and 0.999 990, respectively. Conclusion The IDtyper X-16 kit is highly valuable in forensic science and is suitable for paternity testing in disputed cases. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Degenerate Oligonucleotide Primed-PCR Technology Establishment and Its Sensitivity Test Analysis DENG JIAN-QIANG, LIU BAO-QIN, CAI JI-FENG, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 41-43.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.010 Abstract ( 2095 )   Objective To establish a whole genome amplification testing system based on degenerate oligonucleotide primed-PCR（DOP-PCR） and to explore its reliability and sensitivity. Methods DOP-PCR amplified production was detected by fluorescent labeled multiplex STR amplification and capillary electrophoresis detection system to determine reliability and sensitivity of DOP-PCR system. Results DOP-PCR system was successfully established and the detection sensitivity reached 5 cells （30 pg） by pretreatment of DOP-PCR and then detection of STR genotyping. Conclusion The system established in this study is reliable and more testing sensitive for forensic trace evidence. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Screening and Confirmation of Psychotropic Drugs in Blood and Urine by HPLC-LTQ Orbitrap MS LI XIAO-WEN, SHEN BAO-HUA, JIANG ZHENG, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 44-48.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.011 Abstract ( 1983 )   Objective To establish a screening and confirmation method for psychotropic drugs and their metabolites in human blood and urine by HPLC-LTQ Orbitrap MS. Methods The samples were pretreated with SiroccoTM protein precipitation plate, and then analyzed by HPLC-LTQ Orbitrap MS. The method was validated in terms of the limit of detection（LOD）. An accurate mass database was created for psychotropic drugs screening. Results The LOD for most of 56 determined compounds was ≤0.1 ng/mL. The accurate mass database included the accurate mass information of 61 psychotropic drugs. Conclusion The method is accurate, rapid, sensitive and the database is suitable for psychotropic drugs screening and confirmation. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Correlation of Disability Degree and Tile Type of Pelvic Fracture Caused by Traffic Accidents HU XUAN-LI, HE RONG, ZHOU PING, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 49-51.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.012 Abstract ( 1891 )   Objective To analyze the relevance of Tile type of pelvic fracture and the degree of disability and explore how to understand the malunion and severe malunion of pelvic fracture for the injured in the traffic accidents. Methods Eighty-six cases of pelvic fractures caused by traffic accidents from August 2008 to August 2011 in Forensic Judical Appraisal Institute of Suzhou Municipal Hospital were collected. At first, the grade of disability for every case was evaluated by 3 senior forensic experts independently. Then, the Tile type of pelvic fractures for every case was determined by 3 radiologists independently. At last, the correlation of the types of the fracture with the grades of disabilities was analyzed. Results In all the cases there were 19 cases determined as A-type fracture and evaluated as non-grade disability. There were 43 cases determined as B-type fracture. And in these cases there were 41 cases determined as tenth grade of disability, one case as non-grade disability and one case as ninth grade disability. There were 24 cases determined as C-type fracture. And in these cases there were 14 cases evaluated as tenth grade disability and 10 cases evaluated as ninth grade disability. There was a correlation between the grade of disability and the type of the fracture（ｒ＝０.７６０）. Conclusion The disability degree caused by pelvic fracture correlates significantly with the type of the fracture. The finding is potentially useful to understand the malunion and severe malunion of pelvic fracture in forensic practice. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Status and Prospects of DNA Test on Difficult Specimens DANG HUA-WEI, MAO JIONG, WANG HUI, ET AL 2012, 28(1): 52-54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.01.013 Abstract ( 1861 )   This paper reviews the advances of DNA detection on three types of difficult biological specimens including degraded samples, trace evidences and mixed samples. The source of different samples, processing methods and announcements were analyzed. New methods such as mitochondrial test system, changing the original experimental conditions, low-volume PCR amplification and new technologies such as whole genome amplification techniques, laser capture micro-dissection, and mini-STR technology in recent years are introduced. Related Articles | Metrics