Archive

28 February 2013, Volume 29 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

---

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Skeletal Age Estimation by Pelvic X-ray of Han Teenagers in Sichuan DONG XIAO-AI, ZHAO HUAN, QING SI-HAN, ET AL. 2013, 29(1): 12-16.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2013.01.003 Abstract ( 2227 )   Objective To estimate the chronological age of Han teenagers in Sichuan by the epiphyses development characteristics of iliac crest and ischial tuberosity in X-ray digital images. Methods According to TW2 classification principle, combining with the age range of our subjects and epiphyses development regularity, the degree of epiphyses development of iliac crest and ischial tuberosity had been divided into 8 grades （0-7） and 7 grades （0-6）, respectively. Based on the degrees, the pelvic X-rays digital images of 691 samples of 16-20 aged teenagers were read and statistically analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. The multiple linear regression equation was established by skeletal age （Y）, development degree of iliac crest epiphyses （X1） and ischial tuberosity epiphyses （X2）. Results There were no statistical differences between two sides of epiphyses development of iliac crest and ischial tuberosity （P>0.05）. There were no statistical difference between genders （P>0.05）. The re-substitution method of the samples showed that the accuracy of equation as Y=15.269+0.444 X1+0.236 X2 was high. The result of the re-substitution method showed a high accuracy of the equation. Conclusion The multiple linear regression equation could be used to identify the skeletal age for providing the scientific basis to identify the 18-year-old Han population in Sichuan. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Applying Multiple Displacement Amplification to DNA Typing in the Pathological Section ZHANG YUE, CHEN YANG, YANG YUAN-LI, ET AL. 2013, 29(1): 17-20.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2013.01.004 Abstract ( 2053 )   Objective To investigate the feasibility of applying multiple displacement amplification （MDA） to DNA typing in forensic pathological section. Methods Ninety-eight pieces of pathological sections were prepared in terms of 3 factors as the period of preservation, tissue types and death ages, and randomized into groups by Latin square by double 7-order design. Silicon bead method was used to extract the DNA template. Compared with the PCR amplification performed directly by AmpF?詛STR?誖IdentifilerTM kit in the control group, MDA was performed before amplification in the experimental group. Based on the samples from fresh autopsies as the standard genotypes, the number of detection and the detection rate were analyzed and compared between the experimental group and the control group. Results Between the control group and the experimental group, there was significantly statistical difference regarding the rate of DNA typing in each period of the tissue sections preserved （P<0.01）. The detection rate of the 16 loci in the experimental group was more than 95% when the period of the tissue sections were preserved within 360 d. There was significant difference in different tissue types （P<0.01）. But there was no significant difference in different death ages （P>0.01）. Conclusion MDA is efficacious in DNA typing of forensic pathological sections, for it can improve the DNA template quantification through abating the inhibiting factor’s concentration of PCR and reducing the rate of allele drop out （ADO）. However, the period of the sections preserved and tissue types would affect the results of genotyping by MDA. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Genetic Polymorphisms of SNP Loci in the 5′ and 3′ Region of TPH2 Gene in Northern Chinese Han Population XU XIAO-MING, DING MEI, PANG HAO, ET AL. 2013, 29(1): 21-24.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2013.01.005 Abstract ( 2046 )   Objective To investigate the genetic polymorphism in the 5′ and 3′ region of TPH2 gene of Northern Chinese Han population and to explore its application value in forensic medicine. Methods The sequence variants and the genetic polymorphisms of 6 SNP loci （rs4570625, rs11178997, rs11178998, rs41317118, rs17110747 and rs41317114） within a 905 bp 5′ flanking region and a 1 104 bp 3′ flanking region of TPH2 gene were analyzed by DNA sequencing in a total of 244 unrelated healthy individuals in Northern Chinese Han population. The statistical analysis was carried out by Haploview v4.2 software. Results The genotypic distributions of the 6 SNP loci in the TPH2 gene were in accordance with Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium. One C/T variant in 92922 site was found. There was a high linkage disequilibrium among the 3 SNP loci （rs4570625, rs11178997 and rs11178998） in the 5′ region and the 3 SNP loci （rs41317118, rs17110747 and rs41317114） in the 3′ region of TPH2 gene, respectively. The parameters of population genetics of 6 SNP loci were obtained. Conclusion There are great polymorphisms in the 5′ and 3′ region of TPH2 gene in Northern Chinese Han population, which could be used as genetic indexes for association analysis of the related diseases, as well as for forensic individual identification and paternity testing. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Distribution of Deltamethrin in Acute Poisoned Rats WU BIN, YAN PENG, WEI ZHI-WEN, ET AL. 2013, 29(1): 25-27,30.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2013.01.006 Abstract ( 1839 )   Objective To establish an animal model in acute poisoned rat by deltamethrin and an analysis method for determination of deltamethrin by gas chromatography-electron capture detector （GC-ECD） and to study the distribution of deltamethrin in rats in order to provide the references for forensic medicine identification about such cases. Methods Rats were administered with deltamethrin of different doses（512 and 1 024 mg/kg） and killed 1.5 h later to be dissected rapidly for tissues （blood, hearts, livers, lungs, kidneys and brains etc.）. Samples were dehydrated by anhydrous sodium sulfate and extracted with petroleum ether and acetone （V∶V=4∶1）. The level of deltamethrin was determined by GC-ECD. Results There was a good separate between deltamethrin and endogenous impurities. The limit of quantification for deltamethrin in blood and liver were 0.1 μg/mL and 0.1 μg/g （S/N≥10）, respectively. The recovery rate of deltamethrin in blood was 91.55%-134.37% and both inter-day and intra-day precisions were less than 5.67%. The distribution of deltamethrin in poisoned rats with 512 mg/kg was as follow： lungs > livers > hearts > kidneys > blood > brains and with 1 024 mg/kg dose was lungs > blood > hearts > kidneys > brains > livers （P<0.05）. Conclusion The GC-ECD method is sensitive for determination of deltamethrin. The distribution of deltamethrin in rats has a dose-dependent manner. The study suggests that samples of blood, hearts, livers, lungs, kidneys and brains are suitable for deltamethrin poisoned analysis. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of Distribution and Pathological Characteristics of 9 Fatal Trichinosis Cases in Yunnan LIU XIANG, YANG LI-PING, BAI HUA, ET AL. 2013, 29(1): 28-30.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2013.01.007 Abstract ( 1519 )   Objective To explore forensic pathology features of the fatal trichinosis cases and to summarize the population distribution characteristics of trichinosis in Yunnan. Methods Nine recent fatal trichinosis cases were collected from the Forensic Science Identification Center of Kunming Forensic Hospital. Pathological and epidemiological characteristics of trichinosis were analyzed. Results The nine cases were all died in heart failure due to myocarditis. Among them, 1 case was complicated by encephalitis and 3 cases were complicated by pneumonia. The population mainly involved Bai and Dai nationalities. The geographic distribution was concentrated in Dali, Dehong, Lincang, Xishuangbanna, etc. The cases commonly appeared in winter and spring. Conclusion The cause of trichinosis is closely due to the habit of eating raw pork. It can be diagnosis through the pathological changes of the muscle system in the death cases. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Retrospective Forensic Analysis of 483 Solved Homicide Cases in Suzhou City GAO DONG, ZHU JIN-LONG 2013, 29(1): 31-33,36.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2013.01.008 Abstract ( 1618 )   Objective To summarize the solved homicide cases taking place in Suzhou city and to find out the characteristics and commonness of them in order to analyze the key points of investigation at the scene. Methods The data of 483 solved homicide cases occurring from January 2006 to March 2010 in the city were analyzed. Results Most cases involved 1 victim and 1 suspect, with young male adults dominated. Most of them were non-local residents. The majority of suspects were intentional by passion due to quarrel and dispute. The most common weapons were sharp instruments generally carried by the suspects. Mechanical asphyxia and mechanical injury were the two most common causes of death in these cases. Conclusion The social characteristics of suspects, criminal motivation, injury instruments, distribution of injuries, cause of death, and manner of death in Suzhou showed similar general characteristics as the experience for detecting homicide cases in the future. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Forensic Identification of 50 Phalangeal Fracture Cases JI BIN, LI JIA-QI 2013, 29(1): 34-36.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2013.01.009 Abstract ( 1756 )   Objective To study the characteristics of forensic identification of phalangeal fracture and to use a combination of medical records, imaging materials, and forensic examination data in identification. Methods Fifty cases of phalangeal fracture involved in the forensic identification were collected from 2009 to 2011. The general situation, the distribution of fracture, the fracture morphology, the injury-causing objects and the results of identification were analyzed retrospectively. Results Majority of the cases of phalangeal fracture were young and middle-aged men. The index finger and distal phalanx fractures were common. There was no difference in the number of phalangeal fracture between left and right hand. Most of the injury-causing objects were knives and sticks, followed by bricks and stones. Conclusion The injury-causing objects and modes are related to the morphology of fracture, the distribution of fracture and the severity of the injury. The comprehensive analysis is helpful in forensic identification of phalangeal fracture. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Genetic Polymorphisms of Four SNP Loci in D5 Gene of Dopamine Receptor in Northern Chinese Han Population ZHAO YI, DING MEI, PANG HAO, ET AL. 2013, 29(1): 37-38,48.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2013.01.010 Abstract ( 1517 )   Objective To reveal the genetic polymorphisms of four SNP loci （rs77434921, rs2076907, rs6283, rs1800762） in D5 gene of dopamine receptor （DRD5） in Northern Chinese Han population. Methods Four SNP loci of the DRD5 gene of 206 unrelated individuals in Northern Chinese Han population were separately amplified and sequenced by PCR technique and statistically analyzed by Haploview v4.1 software. Results In Northern Chinese Han population, the genotype frequency distribution of rs77434921, rs2076907, rs6283 and rs1800762 loci in the DRD5 gene were all in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. DP value was 0.145, 0.532, 0.602 and 0.159, while PE value was 0.004, 0.079, 0.196 and 0.007. A linkage disequilibrium among these four SNP loci was also demonstrated, which might infer five haplotypes. Conclusion rs2076907 and rs6283 loci of DRD5 gene in the Northern Chinese Han population have high genetic polymorphisms, which can be useful for forensic identification of individuals. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Role and Significance of microRNA in Human Cardiovascular Disease and Forensic Science LI LI-LIANG, ZHAO ZI-QIN 2013, 29(1): 39-42.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2013.01.011 Abstract ( 1576 )   microRNA （miRNA or miR） is a small single stranded non-coding RNA （21-25 nt） that regulates gene expression in almost creatures. Currently, plenty of researches on how miRNA affects human cardiovascular disease have been reported. This review highlights recent findings about the role of miRNA in heart tissue and circulation correlated with human cardiovascular disease and explores the application of miRNA in sudden cardiac death in forensic science. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress in Application of Microbeam X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy in Forensic Science SU HUI-FANG, LIU CHAO, HU SUN-LIN, ET AL. 2013, 29(1): 43-48.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2013.01.012 Abstract ( 1668 )   Microbeam X-ray fluorescence （micro-XRF） spectrometry has been raised as an analytical technique of microbeam during the recent years. With its advantages of high sensitivity, small sample requirement, high testing accuracy and non-destruction, the technique is widely utilized in forensic science. This review bases on recent researches at home and abroad, describes its applications including identification of gunshot residue, visualization of fingerprints, discrimination of drug source, production process, and other material evidences of analysis in crime scene. Thanks to the advances in technology, intelligent and portable micro-XRF equipment has appeared to be applied. It is believed that it may be more popular and frequent in administration of forensic science in the near future. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress in Isokinetic Technology in Testing and Training for Assessment of Muscle Function HUANG TING-TING, FAN LI-HUA, GAO DONG, ET AL. 2013, 29(1): 49-52.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2013.01.013 Abstract ( 1565 )   Isokinetic technology in testing and training is the most advanced practical technique in the evaluation of muscle function. This method is a continuous dynamic test in the full range of the joint motion which has strong pertinence at the aspect of assessing muscle strength, and is an objective and quantitative method for reflecting each point’s muscle strength in the range of the joint motion. This article reviews the key concepts, brief history of development and influencing factors of isokinetic technology in testing and training, introduces the progress in the field of rehabilitation medicine and sport science, etc., and discusses the future exploration in forensic science. Related Articles | Metrics