法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 344-350.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2021.410107

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

颅脑拳击损伤的参数化分析

高勇1，2， 李正东2， 邹冬华2，3， 马华星4， 陈忆九2， 仲梁维1   

  1. 1. 上海理工大学机械工程学院，上海 200082； 2. 司法鉴定科学研究院 上海市法医学重点实验室 司法部司法鉴定重点实验室 上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台，上海 200063； 3. 贵州医科大学法医学院，贵州 贵阳 550000； 4. 湖南科技大学机械工程学院，湖南 湘潭 411201
  • 发布日期:2021-06-25 出版日期:2021-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 陈忆九，男，研究员，博士研究生导师，主要从事法医病理学研究；E-mail：chenyj@ssfjd.cn 仲梁维，男，教授，硕士研究生导师，主要从事计算机辅助工程相关研究；E-mail：zlvcad@126.com
  • 作者简介:高勇（1995—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事计算机辅助工程及颅脑损伤生物力学研究；E-mail：1097636210@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC0800702）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81701863，81722027）；司法部司法鉴定重点实验室资助项目；上海市法医学重点实验室资助项目（17DZ2273200）；上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台资助项目（19DZ2290900）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（GY2020G-4，GY2021G-5）

Parameterized Analysis of Craniocerebral Injury Caused by Fist

GAO Yong1,2, LI Zheng-dong2, ZOU Dong-hua2,3, MA Hua-xing4, CHEN Yi-jiu2, ZHONG Liang-wei1   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200082, China; 2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai 200063, China; 3. School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, China; 4. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan Province, China
  • Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-06-28

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摘要： 目的 以生物力学理论为基础，利用有限元法研究不同力量的拳头打击颅脑不同部位的致伤特点以及预判颅脑损伤风险，为实际医疗防护和法医学鉴定提供参考依据。 方法 利用DICOM数据建模法以及相关软件构建拳头的有限元模型，以拳头的有效质量与速度表征拳头的动能，联合人体有限元模型THUMS 4.02对正面和侧面拳击致颅脑损伤的特征进行参数化仿真。 结果 拳头打击颅脑致人直接死亡的概率较低，但是随着拳头力量的逐渐增大，颅脑损伤的风险也逐渐增大。拳头打击头部位置不同，颅脑损伤特征也有着明显不同，额部遭受袭击时，颅骨最大等效应力为122.40 MPa，而脑组织为4.31 kPa，当颞部受到袭击时，颅骨最大等效应力为71.53 MPa，而脑组织为7.09 kPa。 结论 颅脑的不同部位受到拳头打击时，颅骨骨折及脑组织损伤的特征及风险具有一定的差异，额部受到打击时颅骨的骨折风险明显高于颞部，而脑组织的损伤风险却恰好相反。颅骨骨折概率最大位置一般表现在颅骨直接受到冲击的部位，随着应力波的传导也会波及颅骨其他部位，而脑组织损伤风险最大的位置却并不表现在脑部直接受到冲击的位置。

关键词: 法医病理学, 生物力学, 有限元法, 颅脑损伤, 拳击伤

Abstract: Objective Based on the theory of biomechanics, the finite element method was used to study the injury characteristics of different parts of brain hit by fist with different force and to predict the risk of craniocerebral injury, in order to provide reference for actual medical protection and forensic identification. Methods The finite element model of fist was constructed by using DICOM data modeling method and related software, and the effective mass and speed of fist were used to represent the kinetic energy of fist, and combined with human finite element model THUMS 4.02, the characteristics of craniocerebral injury caused by frontal and lateral blows were parametrically simulated. Results The probability of direct death from a blow to the head was low, but as fist power increased, so did the risk of craniocerebral injury. The characteristics of craniocerebral injury were also significantly different with the different fist hitting head locations. When the frontal area was attacked, the maximum equivalent stress of skull was 122.40 MPa, while that of brain tissue was 4.31 kPa. When the temporal area was attacked, the maximum equivalent stress of skull was 71.53 MPa, while that of brain tissue was 7.09 kPa. Conclusion The characteristics and risks of skull fracture and brain tissue injury are different when different parts of the brain are hit by fist. When the frontal area is hit, the risk of skull fracture is significantly higher than when the temporal area is hit. The risk of brain tissue injury is the opposite. The position with the highest probability of skull fracture is generally the place where the skull is directly impacted, and with the conduction of stress waves, it will spread to other parts of the skull, while the position with the highest risk of brain tissue injury is not the place where the brain is directly impacted.

Key words: forensic pathology, biomechanics, finite element method, brain injury, boxing injury

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