法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 430-438.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.430806

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于细菌群落鉴别裸鼠生前损伤和死后损伤

郑欣1(), 邱越1, 李志刚2, 向青青1, 汪冠三2, 石河2, 徐曲毅2, 隋鹏3, 马雁兵2, 刘超4, 陈立方1(), 赵建2,5()   

  1. 1.昆明医科大学法医学院，云南 昆明 650500
    2.广州市刑事科学技术研究所 法医病理学公安部重点实验室，广东 广州 510442
    3.黑龙江省公安厅刑事技术总队，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150006
    4.广东省毒品实验技术中心 国家毒品实验室广东分中心，广东 广州 510230
    5.中山大学中山医学院法医学系 广东省法医学转化医学工程技术研究中心，广东 广州 510080
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-24 发布日期:2025-02-11 出版日期:2024-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈立方,赵建
  • 作者简介:郑欣（1996—），女，硕士研究生，主要从事法医病理学研究；E-mail：1174848072@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    公安部科技强警基础工作专项(2023JC36);公安部“双十推广”项目(2022-01);广东省刑事技术“双十计划”项目(2021GDSSGG01)

Identification of Antemortem and Postmortem Injuries in Nude Mice Based on Microbial Communities

Xin ZHENG1(), Yue QIU1, Zhi-gang LI2, Qing-qing XIANG1, Guan-san WANG2, He SHI2, Qu-yi XU2, Peng SUI3, Yan-bing MA2, Chao LIU4, Li-fang CHEN1(), Jian ZHAO2,5()   

  1. 1.School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology, Ministry of Public Security, Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou 510442, China
    3.Criminal Technology Corps of Heilongjiang Provincial Public Security Department, Harbin 150006, China
    4.National Anti-Drug Laboratory Guangdong Regional Center, Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510230, China
    5.Guangdong Provincial Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
  • Received:2023-08-24 Online:2025-02-11 Published:2024-10-25
  • Contact: Li-fang CHEN, Jian ZHAO

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摘要：

目的 建立裸鼠的生前损伤和死后损伤模型，观察损伤后不同时间点创口的形态学和细菌群落变化，分析生前损伤和死后损伤的差异。 方法 建立48只BALB/c裸鼠的腹部损伤模型，分为生前损伤、死后4 h损伤和死后72 h损伤组，观察损伤形成后第1、3、5、8、11、15天的大体表现和组织病理学改变，并通过16S rRNA测序技术分析创口的细菌群落。使用QIIME 2软件计算Shannon指数和Observed species指数，采用Kruskal-Wallis检验比较组间的α多样性；使用R v4.3.0软件计算样本间Jaccard相似系数并应用于主坐标分析，以展示样本间差异，采用置换多元方差分析检验菌群构成的组间差异，并计算R²值。 结果 损伤形成后第8、11、15天，形态学检验已经难以区分生前损伤和死后损伤，生前损伤组和死后72 h损伤组的Shannon指数、Observed species指数差异具有统计学意义，细菌群落的Jaccard相似系数差异具有统计学意义，置换多元方差分析的R2值随时间的延长逐渐升高（0.22~0.61）。 结论 通过分析创口细菌群落，可识别和比较不同时间点创口中的微生物组成，为鉴别生前损伤和死后损伤提供了新的视角和方法，具有良好的应用前景。

关键词: 法医病理学, 微生物学, 菌落, 生前损伤, 死后损伤, 16S rRNA, BALB/c裸鼠

Abstract:

Objective To establish antemortem and postmortem injury models in nude mice, observe the morphological changes of the wounds and the changes of the microbial communities in the wounds at different time points after the injury, and analyze the differences between antemortem and postmortem wounds. Methods Abdominal injury models were established in 48 BALB/c nude mice, which were classified into antemortem injury, 4 h and 72 h postmortem injury groups, and the gross manifestations and histopathological changes were observed on days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11 and 15 after injury. The microbial communities in the wounds were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing technology. QIIME 2 software was used to calculate Shannon and Observed species indices. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine statistical differences in α-diversity between groups. Jaccard similarity coefficients were calculated by using R v4.3.0 software and applied to the principal co-ordinates analysis to demonstrate inter-sample differences. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance （PERMANOVA） was used to analyze the differences between groups in the composition of bacterial colonies, and R2 values were calculated. Results On days 8, 11 and 15 after injury, the antemortem and postmortem injuries could not be differentiated by morphological examination; the Shannon index and Observed species index were statistically different between the antemortem injury group and the 72 h postmortem injury group; the Jaccard similarity coefficient of the microbial community was statistically different between the antemortem injury group and the 72 h postmortem injury group. The PERMANOVA R2 value gradually increased with the extension of time （0.22-0.61）. Conclusion Through the analysis of the wound microbial community, the microbial composition of wounds at different time points can be identified and compared, which provides a new perspective and method for the differentiation of antemortem injuries from postmortem injuries, with good application prospects.

Key words: forensic pathology, microbiology, colony, antemortem injury, postmortem injury, 16S rRNA, BALB/c nude mice

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