法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 158-165.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.400321

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

电击死大鼠皮肤超微结构及心肌HIF-2α、H-FABP的表达变化

冯国伟1， 刘霞2， 齐倩2， 王松军2， 杨琛腾2， 左敏2， 张国忠2   

  1. 1. 河北医科大学第一医院司法鉴定中心，河北 石家庄 050031； 2. 河北医科大学法医学院 河北省法医学重点实验室，河北 石家庄 050017
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-19 发布日期:2021-04-25 出版日期:2021-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 张国忠，男，教授，主任法医师，主要从事法医病理学和法医临床学教学、科研和鉴定；E-mail：zhanggz3@126.com
  • 作者简介:冯国伟（1987—），男，硕士，主检法医师，主要从事法医临床学、法医病理学和法医精神病学鉴定；E-mail：284401603@qq.com

Skin Ultrastructure and the Changes of HIF-2α, H-FABP Expression in the Myocardium of Electric Shock Death Rats

FENG Guo-wei1, LIU Xia2, QI Qian2, WANG Song-jun2, YANG Chen-teng2, ZUO Min2, ZHANG Guo-zhong2   

  1. 1. Judicial Expertise Center, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China; 2. Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
  • Received:2020-03-19 Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-04-28

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摘要： 目的 观察电击死大鼠皮肤超微结构，检测心肌细胞中缺氧诱导因子-2α（hypoxia-inducible factor-2α，HIF-2α）和心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白（heart type-fatty acid-binding protein，H-FABP）的表达变化，为电击死的法医学鉴定提供依据。 方法 建立大鼠电击模型，将72只大鼠随机分为对照组、电击死组和死后电击组，每组又分为死后即刻、死后30 min和死后60 min 3个亚组。采用HE染色法观察大鼠皮肤改变，应用扫描电镜观察大鼠皮肤超微结构的改变，用免疫组织化学染色方法检测大鼠心肌HIF-2α、H-FABP的表达情况。 结果 电击死组和死后电击组皮肤的肉眼所见及HE染色结果均无明显差异，在扫描电镜下可见大量细胞碎屑，细胞界限不清，表面可见枯焦状龟裂，散在圆形和椭圆形小孔，边缘不规则，散在大量球形异物颗粒。与对照组相比，电击死各亚组HIF-2α表达均增多，且在死后即刻达到高峰，死后电击组仅在死后即刻表达增多，但低于电击死后即刻（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，电击死和死后电击各亚组H-FABP表达均明显降低，在电击死组的表达均低于相应时间点死后电击组（P<0.05）。 结论 电击可引起心肌HIF-2α表达升高、H-FABP表达降低，对电击死的判定以及生前电击和死后电击的鉴别具有法医学意义。

关键词: 法医病理学, 电击死, 扫描电镜, 缺氧诱导因子-2α, 心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白, 皮肤, 心肌, 大鼠

Abstract: Objective To observe the skin ultrastructure change of electric shock death rats and to test the expression changes of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α （HIF-2α） and heart type-fatty acid-binding protein （H-FABP） of myocardial cells, in order to provide basis for forensic identification of electric shock death. Methods The electric shock model of rats was established. The 72 rats were randomly divided into control group, electric shock death group and postmortem electric shock group. Each group was divided into three subgroups, immediate （0 min）, 30 min and 60 min after death. The skin changes of rats were observed by HE staining, the changes of skin ultrastructure were observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the expression of HIF-2α and H-FABP in rats myocardium was tested by immunohistochemical staining. Results The skin in the electric shock death group and postmortem electric shock group had no significant difference through the naked eye or by HE staining. Under the scanning electron microscope, a large number of cellular debris, cells with unclear boundaries, withered cracks, circular or elliptical holes scattered on the cell surface and irregular edges were observed. A large number of spherical foreign body particles were observed. Compared with the control group, the expression of HIF-2α in all electric shock death subgroups increased, reaching the peak immediately after death. In the postmortem electric shock group, HIF-2α expression only increased immediately after death, but was lower than that of electric shock death group （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group, the expression of H-FABP in all subgroups of electric shock death group and postmortem electric shock group significantly decreased. The expression of H-FABP in all subgroups of electric shock death group was lower than that of the postmortem electric shock group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Electric shock can increase HIF-2α expression and decrease H-FABP expression in the myocardium, which may be of forensic significance for the determination of electric shock death and identification of antemortem and postmortem electric shock.

Key words: forensic pathology, electric shock death, scanning electron microscope, hypoxia-inducible factor-2α （HIF-2α）, heart type-fatty acid-binding protein （H-FABP）, skin, myocardium, rats

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