Abstract: The various phenotype frequencies of haptoglobin from the Uighur population in Xingjiang were reported here after a test of 178 serum samples. Furthermor the gene frequencies for these phenotypes had been made out. The results showed the Hp_0 phenotype reaches the polymorphic level in this population. According to the migration history of the Uinhur nationnality, we tried to interpret this phenomenon as the result of genetic draft.An attempt had been made to explain the possible genetic mechanism of Hp_0 phenotype. Using the data here and from the concerning source, we had made X~2 tests to see whether Hp_0 is the mutiple allele of Hp_1 and Hp_2 The result showed contradiction to the multiple allele hypothesis