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28 April 2010, Volume 26 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Effects of Cocaine on Activities of ATPase,LDH and SDH in Mouse Splenocytes SUN WEN-PING;LU YAN-XU;ZHANG XIAO-YU;TANG WEI-WEI;HUANG QING-YU (. DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY;TAISHAN MEDICAL COLLEGE;TAIAN 000;CHINA;. DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY;CHINA CRIMINAL POLICE UNIVERSITY;SHENYANG 00;CHINA;. DEPARTMENT 2010, 0(2): 81-83.  Abstract ( 1852 )   Objective To examine the effects of cocaine on the activities of ATPase,LDH and SDH in cultured mouse splenocytes in vitro. Methods The ATPase,LDH and SDH activities in mouse splenocytes were detected at day 7 after continuous culturing the mouse cells exposed to cocaine hydrochloride in final concentration of 10,20 and 100 μg/mL in vitro. Results The activities of ATPase,LDH and SDH in mouse splenocytes exposed to cocaine hydrochloride in final concentration of 10,20 and 100 μg/mL were significantly decreased after continuous culturing for 7 days. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that cocaine could inhibit the activities of ATPase,LDH and SDH in cultured splenocytes in vitro. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Quantitative Analysis of Ub and UbE1 in Focus of Traumatic Epilepsy HE PENG-XIANG;TANG YUN-LIN;CAI WEI-LIN;HUANG YONG-HUA;FANG CHAO;JING HUA-LAN (. DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;ZHONGSHAN MEDICAL COLLEGE;SUN YAT-SEN UNIVERSITY;GUANGZHOU 000;CHINA;. THE PLA AIR FORCE HOSPITAL OF GUANGZHOU;GUANGZHOU 00;C 2010, 0(2): 84-87.  Abstract ( 1661 )   Objective To study the expression of ubiquitin proteasome system(UPS) in the traumatic epilepsy pathogenesis and its value in traumatic epilepsy by quantitative analysis. Methods Fifteen specimens from human epileptic temporal cortex from PTE were collected as the PTE group. Fifteen specimens from non-PTE were collected as the non-PTE group. Fifteen normal cerebral cortex specimens died from acute traffic accident were collected as the control group. The expression of mRNA and protein of Ub and UbE1 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Statistical analysis was used to compare the data between three groups. Results The expression of mRNA and protein of Ub and UbE1 were the following order:PTE group(high),non-PTE group(middle) and control group(low). Conclusion The study confirms that UPS is up-regulated in the epilepsy's focus,especially in traumatic epilepsy. The activation of UPS may be an important pathological change in neurons in pathogenesis of traumatic epilepsy. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Relationship between PMI and Concentration of Potassium Ion and Sodium Ion in Swine Aqueous Humor after Death HAN JU;YU GUANG-BIAO;DONG YE-QIANG;FANG CHAO;JING HUA-LAN;LUO SI-MIN (. DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;ZHONGSHAN MEDICAL COLLEGE;SUN YAT-SEN UNIVERSITY;GUANGZHOU 000;CHINA;. QINGYUAN PUBLIC SECURITY BUREAU;GUANGZHOU;CHINA) 2010, 0(2): 88-90.  Abstract ( 2172 )   Objective To explored the relationship between the concentration of potassium ion as well as sodium ion in the aqueous humor and post-mortem interval (PMI). Methods The concentrations of potassium ion and sodium ion in the aqueous humor of swine within 48 h after death at 4 ℃ and 28 ℃ were detected using Z-500 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results The concentrations of potassium ion and sodium ion in aqueous humor of isolated swine eyeballs within 48 h after death when the environmental temperature was 4 ℃ were significantly related to PMI. The relationship between PMI and the concentration of potassium ion was PMI=-0.178[K+]2+49.978(R2=0.995). The relationship between PMI and the rate of sodium ion and potassium ion was PMI=120.987/[Na+/K+]-28.834(R2=0.905). Conclusion The concentration of potassium in aqueous humor of isolated swine eyeballs may be one of the reference indicators to estimate PMI of the corpses at lower temperatures. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Trend of Epiphyseal Development of Knee and Ankle Joints in Teenagers and Age Estimation WANG YA-HUI;ZHU GUANG-YOU;YING CHONG-LIANG;FAN LI-HUA;WAN LEI;(. SHANGHAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;. DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE OF 2010, 0(2): 91-96.  Abstract ( 1841 )   Objective According to the features of epiphyseal development of knee and ankle joints in male and female teenagers,the trend of epiphyseal development was analyzed and the possibility of its application in age estimation was discussed. Methods Firstly,radiographs of adem position were taken from both sides of knee and ankle joints from 1 709 individuals from Eastern China,Central China,and Southern China (Age:11-21 years old). Secondly,5 osteal loci were selected as bone age markers from the two joints. Thirdly,characteristics of epiphyseal development were observed systematically and comprehensively. Fourthly,the proportions of "epiphyseal fusion" in different age groups were calculated,and confirmed the numbers of people which were included by epiphyseal fusion of knee and ankle joints. Finally,age range of each epiphyseal fusion was calculated by mathematical statistical analysis. Results Compared with the data of 1960s',the age of 5 epiphyseal fusions was earlier about 2-3 years. However,the results were basically the same as the recent studies. Conclusion The data on the time of epiphyseal fusion were updated. It is important to determine the accuracy in age estimation in male and female teenagers. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Analysis of Variation of Han Female Adolescent Bone Development in Henan and Zhejiang Province WAN LEI;YING CHONG-LIANG;XIA WEN-TAO;WANG YA-HUI;SHI GE-FEI;LIU HUI;ZHU GUANG-YOU (. DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SOOCHOW UNIVERSITY;SUZHOU;CHINA;. SHANG-HAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUTE OF FOREN 2010, 0(2): 97-99+1.  Abstract ( 1884 )   Objective To study the difference of Han female adolescent bone development in Henan and Zhejiang province. Methods All radiography including sternal end of clavicle and six main bone joints were taken from 599 female adolescents with age between 12 to 19 in Henan and Zhejiang province. Twenty four skeletal development indexes were analyzed based on "The Grading Standards" of skeletal growth of teenagers and then the bone age were calculated using mathematical model functions. The ratios of the bone age and the chronological age were analyzed by statistical software. Results The development of Henan female adolescents' skeleton was about 0.39 years earlier than that in Zhejiang at the age of 14-15 years old. The development of Henan female adolescents' skeleton was about 0.37 years later than that in Zhejiang at the age of 15-16 years old. The development of Henan female adolescents' skeleton was about 0.38 years later than that in Zhejiang at the age of 18-19 years old. There was no statistics significance in other age group. Conclusion The female adolescent bone development in Henan province is faster at earlier stage and then slower than that in Zhejiang province. The results provide potential value for the forensic medicine,anthropology and clinical medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

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Source Identification of Gastric Cancer Tissue with Discriminatory Analysis LI CHENG-TAO;ZHAO SHU-MIN;ZHANG SU-HUA;LI LI (. SHANGHAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;. SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES;FUDAN UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 00;CHINA;. 2010, 0(2): 100-103.  Abstract ( 1816 )   Objective To evaluate discriminatory analysis on source identification of gastric cancer tissue based on the number of matched STR locus or identical allele. Methods Twenty two pairs of fresh gastric cancer tissue and homologous normal tissue were genotyped with Identifilerkit. Frequencies of STR genotypic alteration(STRGA),the number of matched STR locus without identical allele(A0),with 1 identical allele(A1),or with 2 identical alleles(A2) and the number of total identical alleles(IAn) were calculated with counting method. A1,A2 and IAn were evaluated with Fisher discriminant functions to determine the source of each gastric cancer tissue. Effectiveness of the identification of gastric cancer tissue was evaluated with error rate. Results The total frequency STRGA was 3.03%(95% CI:1.46%-4.88%). There were 31.38%(95% CI:13.86%-54.87%) of gastric cancer samples carried at least one STR locus with STRGA. It was confirmed by the Fisher discriminant functions that each of the 22 gastric cancer tissue samples came from its homologous normal tissue with an error rate of 0.00%. Conclusion Frequency of STRGA in gastric cancer tissue was high. Fisher discriminant functions based on the number of identical alleles or matched STR loci could be a feasible method for source identification of body for gastric cancer tissue samples. Related Articles | Metrics

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Sequencing of Mitochondrial DNA COⅡ Gene in Carrion-Breeding Flies and Larvae in Zhengzhou ZHAO ZU-LIANG;YAN HONG-TAO;LI SHI-CAI;LIU GUANG-XU;SHEN XIN-TANG (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;ZHENGZHOU UNIVERSITY;ZHENGZHOU 000;CHINA) 2010, 0(2): 104-107.  Abstract ( 2194 )   Objective Using COⅡ sequences to identify common species of carrion-breeding flies and larvae. Methods flies and larvae were collected on the corpses of rats in Zhengzhou district,DNA was extracted,COⅡ sequences were amplified and sequenced. Clustalx and MEGA 4.0 software were used to analyze the gene sequences and to construct the phylogenetic trees. Results There was no significant gene difference between adults and larvae. COⅡ gene sequences could be used to identify Boettcherisca peregrina,Aldrichina grahami and Lucilia illustris but they could not distinguish Lucilia cuprina from the Lucilia sericata because of their close evolutionary distance and single nucleotide polymorphisms in aldrichina grahami and Lucilia illustris populations were found. Conclusion COⅡ sequence of mtDNA in Zhengzhou district can be used effectively to identify some common species of carrion-breeding fly. The method is simple and accurate. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Application of Criminal Responsibility Rating Scale for Suspects with Mental Retardation DONG RI-XIA;CAI WEI-XIONG;TANG TAO;HUANG FU-YIN;LIU CHAO;(. DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SOOCHOW UNIVERSITY;SUZHOU;CHINA;. SHANGHAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUST 2010, 0(2): 108-111.  Abstract ( 1955 )   Objective To explore the feasibility of the criminal responsibility rating scale for suspects with mental retardation. Methods Ninety six suspects with mental retardation were evaluated by trained professionals according to the scale,and the results were compared to the expert's opinion. Results The scores of three groups (no,diminished,and responsibility group) were 12.25±2.06,28.62±4.57,44.41±5.17 respectively and were significant different among them. All items had statistical correlation with the total score of the scale. Five factors were extracted by means of the factor analysis and they could explain 70.919% of the variation. The accuracy of retrospective cumulative square was 92.7%. Conclusion The Criminal Responsibility Rating Scale has good reliability and validity,and can be used as a reference in assessment of criminal responsibility. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effect of Temperature on the Postmortem Redistribution of Bupivacaine in Epidural Anesthesia Death Dogs ZHANG GAO-QIN;WANG DA-LI;YUN KE-MING;ZHANG DA-MING (. SCHOOL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANXI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;TAIYUAN 0000;CHINA;. CHINESE PEOPLE'S PUBLIC SECURITY UNIVERSITY;BEIJING 000;CHINA;. TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT;DETECTIVE DETACHMENT OF 2010, 0(2): 112-115.  Abstract ( 2010 )   Objective To establish the models of postmortem redistribution(PMR) in dogs with epidural anesthesia and to investigate the effect of temperature on the PMR of Bupivacaine. Methods Eighteen male dogs were executed by epidural anesthesia with a dose of 5 mg/kg bupivacaine hydrochloride and randomly divided into three groups,room temperature(20-23 ℃) group,4 ℃ group and -20 ℃ group. The cardiac blood,peripheral blood,liver and cerebrum were collected at 0,2,4,8,24,48,72,96,120 h postmortem. The contents of bupivacaine in those samples were analyzed by GC-NPD and GC-MS,the difference among three groups were compared. Results The bupivacaine PMR of room temperature group was evident and complex in cardiac blood,peripheral blood and cerebrum. The PMR of 4 ℃ group was weaker and slower than that of normal temperature group. The bupivacaine PMR of the -20 ℃ group was the weakest in three groups. Conclusion PMR of bupivacaine will happen in epidural anesthesia death dogs,but it could be delayed or prevent by low temperature storage. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on Clinical Classification and Injury Certification in 30 Cases of Acute Closed Head Trauma LI HONG-XIN;WANG YA-HUI;XIA WEN-TAO (. CRIMINAL POLICE TEAM OF HUAINAN PUBLIC SECURITY BUREAU;HUAINAN 00;CHINA;. SHANGHAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2010, 0(2): 116-119.  Abstract ( 3344 )   Objective In order to improve accuracy of forensic expert conclusion and provide scientific and reasonable accordance for revising identifying criteria for the injury degree,correlation between clinical classification and injury certification of acute closed head trauma were explored. Methods A total of 30 cases about acute closed head trauma were selected. Comparison and analysis were made about their differences and the correlation between the clinical classification and the injury degree certification. Results Mild craniocerebral injury is equal to mild or moderate injury,moderate craniocerebral injury is equivalent to mild or severe injury,severe craniocerebral injury is mostly equivalent to severe injury. Conclusion There are some correlation between the clinical classification and the injury certification in acute closed head trauma. It is necessary to refer to the criteria of clinical classification when revising identifying criteria for the injury degree so as to enhance scientific rigor and rationality. Related Articles | Metrics

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Postmortem Genetic Testing in Sudden Cardiac Death Due to Ion Channelopathies GUAN DA-WEI;ZHAO RUI (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY;SCHOOL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;SHENYANG 000;CHINA) 2010, 0(2): 120-127.  Abstract ( 2023 )   Sudden cardiac death accounts for majority of deaths in human. Evident cardiac lesions that may explain the cause of death can be detected in comprehensive postmortem investigation in most sudden cardiac death. However,no cardiac morphological abnormality is found in a considerable number of cases although the death is highly suspected from cardiac anomaly. With the advances in the modern molecular biology techniques,it has been discovered that many of these sudden deaths are caused by congenital ion channelopathies in myocardial cell,i.e. Brugada syndrome,long QT syndrome,catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia,and short QT syndrome,etc. This article presents the molecular genetics,electrocardiographic abnormalities,clinical manifestations,and mechanisms leading to sudden cardiac death with emphasis on the role of postmortem genetic testing in certification of cause of death. It may provide helpful information in investigating sudden cardiac death due to ion channelopathies in medico-legal practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Progress in the Study on Slow Vertex Response LIU HUI;FAN LI-HUA;YANG XIAO-PING;ZHOU XIAO-RONG;DONG DA-AN;WAN LEI;ZHU GUANG-YOU (. DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SOOCHOW UNIVERSITY;SUZHOU;CHINA;. SHANGHAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUTE OF FORENS 2010, 0(2): 128-131.  Abstract ( 1852 )   Slow vertex response(SVR) is one of long latency auditory evoked potentials. It is a biological and electric response originating from brain cortical neuron evoked by sound stimulus with the latency from 50 to 500 milliseconds. Of all the neuroelectric physiological audiometries,it is the earliest method applied in assessing the function of the auditory neural conduction pathway. The concept,neural generators of SVR have been introduced in this article. Influencing factors on SVR were discussed such as stimulus parameters,consciousness state,age,maturation of the subject. Applications of SVR in clinical and forensic medicine identification were also discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Low Template DNA Profiling and Its Application in Forensic Science MA YAN;KUANG JIN-ZHI;HOU YI-PING (. WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;. THE EVIDENCE IDENTIFYING CENTER OF TIANJIN PUBLIC SECURITY BUREAU;TIANJIN 00;CHINA) 2010, 0(2): 132-136.  Abstract ( 2227 )   Low template DNA(LTDNA) has been widely applied in the field of forensic science in recent years. However,the application of low copy number(LCN) analysis is still controversial in certain forensic casework because of its inherent limiting factors. This paper focus on the definition of LCN and LTDNA,the validity and application of LCN in forensic science,methods of typing,quality control,replicate analy-sis,detection thresholds and then reviews the latest development of LCN in forensic science. Related Articles | Metrics