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28 February 2015, Volume 31 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Time-dependent Appearances of Myofibroblasts during the Repair of Contused Skeletal Muscle in Rat and Its Application for Wound Age Determination YU TIAN-SHUI, GUAN DA-WEI, CHANG LIN, ET AL. 2015, 31(1): 1-6.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.001 Abstract ( 950 )   Objective To research the relation between the time-dependent appearances of myofibroblasts during the repair of contused skeletal muscle in rat and wound age determination. Methods A total of 35 SD male rats were divided into the control and six injured groups according to wound age as follows: 12 h, 1 d, 5 d, 7 d, 10 d and 14 d after injury. The appearances of myofibroblasts were detected by HE staining, immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Masson’s trichrome staining was utilized to examine collagen accumulation in the contused areas. Results Immunohistochemical staining showed that α-SMA+ myofibroblasts were initially observed at 5 d post-injury. The average ratio of myofibroblasts was highest at 14 d post-injury, with all samples, ratios more than 50%. In the other five groups, the average of α-SMA positive ratios were less than 50%. The collagen stained areas in the contused zones, concomitant with myofibroblast appearance, were increasingly augmented along with advances of posttraumatic interval. Conclusion The immunohistochemical detection of myofibroblasts can be applied to wound age determination. The myofibroblasts might be involved in collagen deposition during the repair of contused skeletal muscle in rat. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of caspase-3 and HAX-1 after Cerebral Contusion in Rat LI ZHOU-RU, TENG DAO-HUI, DONG GUO-KAI, ET AL. 2015, 31(1): 7-10.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.002 Abstract ( 948 )   Objective To observe the expression pattern of caspase-3 and HCLS1-associated protein X-1 （HAX-1） at different time after cerebral contusion in rat, and explore the new method for estimating the injury interval. Methods The cerebral contusion model was established using adult SD male rats. Then the rats were randomly allocated into 8 groups: 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d after cerebral contusion, sham-operation and normal control. Expression of caspase-3 and HAX-1 protein after cerebral contusion in rat was detected by Western blotting. Laser scanning confocal microscope was used to observe the number of HAX-1 positive cells and TUNEL-stained cells after cerebral contusion. Results The expression of caspase-3 increased parallelly with the time after cerebral contusion and reached the peak value on 3 d. The expression of caspase-3 decreased gradually and still maintained a high level expression on 7 d （P<0.05）. The expression of HAX-1 positive cell went up after injury, and reached the peak value at 6 h （P<0.05）, then turned down gradually after 12 h and went out of detection after 3 d. The number of TUNEL-stained cells increased obviously at 2 h and reached the peak value on 3 d. The number of TUNEL-stained apoptotic cells decreased gradually and still maintained a high level expression on 7 d （P<0.05）. Conclusion The expression of caspase-3 and HAX-1 after cerebral contusion has time sequential regularity, which may provide new evidence for forensic diagnosis of cerebral contusion interval. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of S100B and GFAP after Primary Brainstem Injury in Rat WU YU-HONG, WANG HUI-JUN, WANG XIN 2015, 31(1): 11-14.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.003 Abstract ( 913 )   Objective To study the expression of S100B and glial fibrillory acidic protein （GFAP） after primary brainstem injury in rat and discuss the changes with brainstern injury time and their mechanism in the injury. Methods The brainstem injury animal model was established using the mechanical impacting method. The HE staining, Gless argentaffin staining and SP immunohistochemical method were applied to observe the changes of S100B and GFAP at different injury time. The immunostaining results were measured statistically with imaging analysis technology. Results A large number of S100B positive cells could be seen in 30 min. Afterward, expression increased gradually with time and peaked up in 24 h, and reversed back the normal in 72 h. The GFAP positive cells showed rise continually in 30 min, and reached the peak in 48 h, then started to decrease, but still higher than that in control. Conclusion The expression of S100B and GFAP is correlated with post traumatic intervals after brainstem injury in rat, and may be useful in estimation post traumatic intervals and nerve regeneration. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of MSCT in the Identification and Analysis of Traffic Accidents: 2 Fatal Cases HAN SHUN-QI, WAN , LEI , QIN ZHI-QIANG, ET AL. 2015, 31(1): 15-19.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.004 Abstract ( 962 )   Objective To explore the application value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography （MSCT） in traffic accidents through observing and analyzing the injury features of the accidents. Methods Two fatal cases caused by traffic accidents were fully examined using MSCT, 3D imaging reconstruction and angiography through cardiac puncture. The features of traffic injury mechanism were analyzed through combination of MSCT and postmortem external examination. Results In case 1, right cardiac rupture was found by MSCT and angiography through cardiac puncture. The cause of death was cardiac tamponade and right ventricular rupture due to the crush injury of chest in the traffic accident. In case 2, splenic rupture and intra-abdominal hemorrhage was found and caused by injury of left trunk by MSCT. The cause of death was hemorrhage and traumatic shock. Conclusion MSCT could observe skeletal injury, soft tissue injury, and hematologic disorder well. The combination use of MSCT and angiography through cardiac puncture provided assistance to the diagnosis of cardiovascular system injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between Contrast Vision and Sweep Visual Evoked Potential Acuity PENG SHU-YA, CHEN JIE-MIN, LIU DONG-MEI, ET AL. 2015, 31(1): 20-22.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.005 Abstract ( 907 )   Objective To compare the correlation between contrast vision （CV） and sweep visual evoked potential acuity （SVEP-A） among people with emmetropia, mild myopia, and moderate myopia. Methods The CV and SVEP-A were tested individually in 96 eyes from healthy young volunteers, including 37 eyes of emmetropia, 27 eyes of mild myopia, and 32 eyes of moderate myopia. The statistic analysis was done by ANOVA analysis and rank sum test. Results （1） With the decrease of contrast, CV and SVEP-A decreased in every group. （2） At 100% contrast, the difference of CV between emmetropia and mild myopia had statistical significance （P＜0.05）. At 100%, 25% and 10% contrast, the difference of CV between emmetropia and moderate myopia had statistical significance （P＜0.05）. （3） In the same group, the difference of 100% and 25% contrast had statistical significance （P＜0.05）. So was between 100% and 10% contrast. （4） At 100% and 10% contrast, the difference of CV and SVEP-A had statistical significance （P＜0.05）. Conclusion The CV of myopia relates to many factors including ametropia and fundus lesions. The correction of ametropia is important to the values of CV and SVEP-A. Related Articles | Metrics

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Establishment of a 15 Loci Multiplex Amplification System and the Genetic Polymorphism in Xinjiang Uygur Population GUI JUAN, LIU HAI-BO, LIAO QIN-XIANG, ET AL. 2015, 31(1): 23-27.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.006 Abstract ( 977 )   Objective To develop a five fluorescence-labeled multiplex amplification system for 15 loci and study genetic polymorphism in Xinjiang Uygur population. Methods The STR loci were screened. The alleles were named according to the number of repeats by sequencing. The sensitivity, species specificity, identity and stability of the five fluorescence-labeled multiplex amplification system for the 15 loci were all tested. Then, the genetic polymorphism was analyzed in Xinjiang Uygur population and compared with other ethnic groups including Xizang Tibetan, Xiuyan Manchu, and Guangzhou Han population. Results The 15 loci multiplex amplification system was established. The sensitivity was 0.3 ng with good species specificity, identity and stability. The distributions of genotype for 13 STR loci in Uygur population were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with no genetic linkage between these loci. Most loci showed statistically significant among different populations. Conclusion The established system has application value in forensic evidence. The 13 STR loci in Uygur population have high polymorphisms to be the supplements to the existing loci. Related Articles | Metrics

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Simultaneous Screening for 45 Poisonous Alkaloids in Blood by LC-MS/MS ZHAI JIN-XIAO, SHEN MIN, LIU WEI 2015, 31(1): 28-33.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.007 Abstract ( 919 )   Objective To develop a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） screening method for 45 poisonous alkaloids in blood. Methods Identification was based on the compound’s retention time and two precursor-to-production transitions. The method involved a liquid-liquid extraction （LLE） followed by LC-MS/MS with multiple-reaction monitoring （MRM）. When 1 mL of blood was extracted with diethyl ether at pH=9.2 with SKF525A as the internal standard, the target compounds were analyzed with LC-MS/MS in the positive ionization mode. Results The target alkaloids had good linearity （r>0.995 1）, both the intra-day precision and inter-day precision being less than 14.77%. The limits of detection ranged from 0.05 to 25 ng/mL in blood. Conclusion The method is selective and sensitive in detecting poisonous alkaloids with a total running time of 12 minutes; therefore it was successfully applied to some actual cases of suspected alkaloids poisoning. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relation between Partial Mechanical Injuries and Nature of Death in High-falling Cases: An Analysis of 205 Cases WANG HUAI-YONG, LUO BIN, SHI HE, ET AL. 2015, 31(1): 34-37.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.008 Abstract ( 1381 )   Objective To explore the relation between the behavior psychology analysis of partial mechanical injuries and the nature of death in high-falling cases, and provide reference, for such cases. Methods Of 311 death victims of high-falling injuries collected from 2008 to 2013, 205 cases were associated with partial mechanical injuries. The characteristics of injury formation, preliminary crime scene traces, fatal injury of high-falling, and text messages were all retrospectively analyzed. Results According to the investigation of preliminary crime scene traces, fatal injury of high-falling and text message, there were 86 suicide, 24 accident and 95 uncertainty in the 205 cases. According to the behavior psychology analysis of partial mechanical injuries, there were 80 suicide, 11 accident, and 4 homicide in the 95 uncertainty cases. Conclusion The partial mechanical injuries uncertainly caused by high-falling correlate with the manner of high-falling death. According to the behavior psychology analysis of the partial mechanical injuries in high-falling death cases, the presumption of high-falling death is usually accurate. Related Articles | Metrics

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Fifty-two Cases Analysis of Cliff Suicide SONG YU-YONG, WANG JIAN, ZHU LI-QING 2015, 31(1): 38-40.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.009 Abstract ( 1027 )   Objective To analyze suicide scene, damage morphology and case investigation of mountain type scenic spot for giving the references to determine the nature of cliff suicide cases. Methods The suicide cases collected from 2002 to 2012 in scenic spot of Mount Huangshan. The age, gender, native place, case location, damage inspection and behavior were analyzed. Results In the 52 suicide cases, the suicide rate of male was higher than that of female. The numbers from other provinces were higher than that of local province. The age was mainly range from 19 to 50. The time of suicide cases mostly happened between 16:00 to 24:00. The major damage was compound injury with varying degrees of traumatic brain injury, organic injury of pleuroperitoneal cavity and surface bruise and scratch. Conclusion In order to determine the nature of cliff suicide cases, it needs to work synthetically in the investigation of crime scene and interview. Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of Five Pesticides in Fishpond by SPE-GC/MS LIN DA-WEI, ZHANG YAN, SUN HONG-LEI-1, ET AL. 2015, 31(1): 41-43.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.010 Abstract ( 1051 )   Objective To establish the solid phase extraction （SPE） with GC/MS technology for fish poisoning cases to determine five pesticides in fishpond. Methods By three solid phase extraction column including Oasis HLB cartridge, Bond Elut C18 and SampliQ C18, the recovery rate was compared to extract and purify five pesticides in fishpond. The effects of different kinds and dosages of eluents on extract rate were also reviewed. Results Using Bond Elut C18 as solid phase extraction column and 3 mL benzene as eluent, the linear range of mass concentration of five pesticides in fishpond was 1-50 μg/mL, and the correlation coefficient was 0.996 2-0.999 6. The limit of detection was 3.4-26 μg/L and the recovery was 61.49%-102.48%. The relative standard deviations was less than or equal to 3.01%. Conclusion With high sensitivity, good accuracy and precision, SPE-GC/MS has simple and quick operation and less solvent. It can be applied to determination of five pesticides in fishpond. Related Articles | Metrics

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Informed Consent Right of the Appraised Individuals in Forensic Clinical Examination LI JU-PING, HAN WEI, GU SHAN-ZHI-1, ET AL. 2015, 31(1): 44-47.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.011 Abstract ( 906 )   Informed consent right is not just for basic ethical consideration, but is important for protecting patient’s right by law, which is expressed through informed consent contract. The appraised individuals of forensic clinical examination have the similar legal status as the patients in medical system. However, the law does not require informed consent right for the appraised individuals. I recommend giving certain informed consent right to the appraised individuals in the forensic clinical examination. Under the contracted relationship with the institution, the appraised individuals could participate in the examination process, know the necessary information, and make a selected consent on the examination results, which can assure the justice and fairness of judicial examination procedure. Related Articles | Metrics

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Whiplash Injury Analysis of Cervical Vertebra by Finite Element Method WANG TAO, LI ZHENG-DONG, SHAO YU, ET AL. 2015, 31(1): 48-51.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2015.01.012 Abstract ( 893 )   Finite element method （FEM） is an effective mathematical method for stress analysis, and has been gradually applied in the study of biomechanics of human body structures. This paper reviews the construction, development, materials assignment and verification of FEM model of cervical vertebra, and it also states the research results of injury mechanism of whiplash injury and biomechanical response analysis of the cervical vertebra using FEM by researchers at home and abroad. Related Articles | Metrics