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28 April 2016, Volume 32 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Acute Liver Injury Induced by Traumatic Stress in Rats CEN XIN-HAI, ZHANG ZHI-XIANG, WANG TAO, ET AL. 2016, 32(2): 81-85.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.001 Abstract ( 728 )   Objective To explore the role of hydrogen sulfide （H2S） in acute liver injury induced by crushing hind limbs of rats. Methods The rats were randomly divided into the following groups: control, crushing, H2S donor sodium hydrosulfide （NaHS） + crushing, H2S inhibitor propargylglycine （PAG） + crushing group. The acute liver injury model was established by crushing the hind limbs of rats with standard weight. Rats were sacrificed at 30 min and 120 min after the crush. The activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） were measured by colorimetric method, and the content of H2S in plasma and the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA）, protein carbonyl, glutathione （GSH） in the liver and the activity of H2S generating enzyme （cystathionine γ-lyase, CSE） were determined by chemical method. The expression of CSE mRNA in liver was detected by RT-PCR. Results For crush injury group, the levels of AST and ALT in serum, MDA and protein carbonyl in liver increased. The levels of GSH, CSE, CSE mRNA in liver and H2S in serum decreased. The administration of NaHS before limbs crush could attenuate the changes of liver injury, but the pre-treatment with PAG could exacerbate the changes. Conclusion The decrease of H2S production could involve in mediating the acute liver injury induced by traumatic stress in rats. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Postmortem MSCT and Autopsy Findings in Traffic Accident Victims HAN SHUN-QI, WAN LEI, QIN ZHI-QIANG, ET AL. 2016, 32(2): 86-89.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.002 Abstract ( 850 )   Objective To explore the application value of postmortem multi-slice spiral computed tomo- graphy （MSCT） by observing and analyzing the injury features in the traffic accident victims. Methods Ten traffic accident victims were scanned with whole body MSCT. The systemic autopsy was subsequently performed to compare with the results of MSCT. The advantages and disadvantages of autopsy and MSCT for obtaining the information of traffic accident injuries were then analyzed. Results MSCT could reveal 3D shape of fractures clearly and detect air accumulation in different positions of the body, which showed the obvious advantages compared with autopsy. However, the resolution of MSCT was limited compared to the detection of organ and soft tissue injuries. Conclusion A combination of MSCT and autopsy is the best way for determining the manner and the cause of death in traffic fatality victims. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Injury Time and Expressions of EPO and Its Receptors in Rats Brain after Cerebral Injury LI WEI, QI LIN 2016, 32(2): 90-93.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.003 Abstract ( 675 )   Objective To explore the relationship between injury age and expressions of erythropoietin （EPO） and its receptor EPOR in the brain tissue of rats after cerebral injury. Methods Seventy-two rats were randomly divided into control group （36 rats） and cerebral injury group （36 rats）. The rats were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 h after cerebral injury （6 rats at each time point） and the brain tissues were extracted. The expressions of mRNA and protein of EPO and EPOR at different time points were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western bloting. Results The expressions of EPO and EPOR increased within 24 h after injury. The expressions of mRNA and protein of EPO were related to the injury age, and the correlations were 0.875, 0.911, respectively （P<0.05）. The expressions of mRNA and protein of EPOR were related to the injury age, and the correlation coefficients were 0.936, 0.905, respectively （P<0.05）. Conclusion The expressions of EPO and EPOR increase gradually in the early stage of the rat’s cerebral injury, which are associated with the injury age and could be a useful value for estimating injury age. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of PTEN in Myocardial Tissue in Coronary Heart Disease LI XUE-RONG, HE YONG, LEI YU-JIA, ET AL. 2016, 32(2): 94-96.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.004 Abstract ( 730 )   Objective To observe the expression of phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome ten （PTEN） in myocardial tissue in patients with coronary heart disease, and explore the relevance between the expression of PTEN and the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 16 death cases with pathological diagnosis of coronary heart disease were collected as experimental group, and 19 cases without myocardial lesions were selected as control group. The expression of PTEN protein and its mRNA were detected by immunohistochemistry and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR respectively. The correlation between the expression of PTEN and the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease was analyzed. Results The expression of PTEN protein in myocardium in cases with coronary heart disease was significantly lower compared with the control group （P<0.05）. There was no statistical difference of the expression of PTEN mRNA between experimental and control group （P>0.05）. Conclusion PTEN may be involved in the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Body Height and Craniofacial Lines Measured by CT in Southwest Han Males TU MENG, LUO YING-ZHEN, FAN FEI, ET AL. 2016, 32(2): 97-99.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.005 Abstract ( 742 )   Objective To establish regression model between craniofacial lines and body height by measuring craniofacial lines in Southwest Han males using CT and to accumulate data for the study of forensic anthropology. Methods Head CT data of 273 Han males in Southwest were collected and 7 craniofacial lines were determined. Multiplanar reconstruction and volume rendering were performed by image post-processing software and the selected lines were measured. The relationship between each measuring indicator and body height was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software. The regression equation of body height estimation was established and 50 samples were selected again and put into the mathematics models to verify its accuracy. Results The linear regression equations of 7 lines were established （P<0.05）. The correlation coefficients of the unary linear regression equations were 0.190-0.439 and the standard errors of the estimate （SEE） were 4.597-5.023 cm. The correlation coefficients of the multiple linear regression equation were 0.494-0.524 and the SEE were 4.418-4.458 cm. The return tests showed that the highest ±1SEE accuracy of the multiple regression equation: y=83.959+3.589 x6+2.573 x2, were 30%; and the highest ±2SEE accuracy of the multiple regression equation: y=72.646+3.316 x6+1.586 x2+1.553 x4+2.211 x3, were 92%. Conclusion There is significant linear correlation between 7 selected lines and the stature in this study, and the plural linear regression equation established could be applied for estimating the stature of Southwest Han males. Related Articles | Metrics

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Personality Change due to Brain Trauma Caused by Traffic Accidents and Its Assessment of Psychiatric Impairment FAN HUI-YU, ZHANG QIN-TING, TANG TAO, ET AL. 2016, 32(2): 100-104.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.006 Abstract ( 1096 )   Objective To explore the main performance of personality change in people with mild psychiatric impairments which due to the brain trauma caused by traffic accidents and its value in assessment of psychiatric impairment. Methods The condition of personality change of patients with traumatic brain injury caused by traffic accident was evaluated by the Scale of Personality Change Post-traumatic Brain Injury （SPCPTBI）. Furthermore, the correlation between the personality change and the degrees of traumatic brain injury and psychiatric impairment were explored. Results In 271 samples, 239 （88.2%） with personality changes. Among these 239 samples, 178 （65.7%）, 46 （17.0%）, 15 （5.5%） with mild, moderate and severe personality changes, respectively. The ratio based on the extent of personality changes to the degree of brain trauma was not significant （P>0.05）, but the total score difference between the groups was significant （P<0.05）. There was no statistical significance between the medium and high severity brain trauma groups. The higher degree of personality changes, the higher rank of mental disabilities. The total score difference of the scale of personality change among the different mild psychiatric impairment group was significant （P<0.05）. The difference between other psychiatric impairment levels had statistical significance（P<0.05） except level 7 and 8. Conclusion The occurrence of personality change due to traumatic brain injury caused by traffic accident was high. Correlations exist between the personality change and the degree of psychiatric impairment. Personality change due to brain trauma caused by traffic accident can be assessed effectively by means of SPCPTBI, and the correlation between the total score and the extent of traumatic brain injury can be found. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of the Peak Area Ratio of STR Loci to Amelogenin Locus in the Estimation of DNA Degradation JIE YA-LING, LI LU, SHAO CHENG-CHEN, ET AL. 2016, 32(2): 105-108.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.007 Abstract ( 902 )   Objective To explore the change rules of peak area ratio of STR loci to Amelogenin （AMEL） locus （STR/AMEL）, a sex-determining gene in DNA degradation, and to evaluate the application of STR/AMEL value in the estimation of DNA degradation degree. Methods DNA was extracted from iliopsoas, and the variations of STR/AMEL value （Penta E/AMEL, Penta D/AMEL, FGA/AMEL） were analyzed after the artificial degradation was made by DNaseⅠ, and the changes of these three ratios of the iliopsoas naturally degraded in an outdoor environment were also analyzed. The regression curves were analyzed using the periods of DNA degradation and outside the body as the independent variable （x） and the STR/AMEL value as the dependent variable （y） and three curve equations under two conditions were established. Results Both under the conditions of artificial and natural degradation, STR/AMEL value had a negative relationship with the degradation time. The relationship between STR/AMEL and degradation time can be well simulated by the cubic function. R2 was over 0.99 under controlled degradation condition and over 0.86 under natural degradation condition. Conclusion The STR/AMEL value （Penta E/AMEL, Penta D/AMEL, FGA/AMEL） is negatively related with the DNA degradation degree, which follows mathematical regression models strictly, and it might be applied to evaluate the DNA degradation degree. Related Articles | Metrics

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Establishment and Verification of 6-color Fluorescent-labeled Rapid PCR Amplification System LIU YA-JU, ZHANG JUN-TAO, JIN HAI-YING, ET AL. 2016, 32(2): 109-113.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.008 Abstract ( 932 )   Objective To establish the rapid PCR amplification program and system and to verify the technical indexes. Methods PCR multiplex and capillary electrophoresis detection of 24 autosomal STR loci and one Y-STR loci using the 6-color fluorescence marking technology, as well as Amelogenin and Y-InDel. Meanwhile, sensitivity, specificity, identity, stability, mixing and a batch of sample tests were investigated, and the genotype of various routine samples and degraded, exfoliated cell samples were observed. Results The sensitivity of the system was 0.062 5 ng. In addition, the genotype could be detected accurately only around 65 min via rapid amplification. The species-specificity was high and the genotyping of all kinds of dry blood specimens of filter paper and mixed, degraded, exfoliated cell samples were accurate. Conclusion The rapid amplification system can significantly improve the detection rate, and obtain accurate and stable genotyping results, which may be important implications for the establishment of STR database and study on population genetics and forensic identification. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biomonitoring of 33 Elements in Blood and Urine Samples from Coastal Populations in Sanmen County of Zhejiang Province ZHANG SU-JING, LUO RU-XIN, MA DONG, ET AL. 2016, 32(2): 114-118.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.009 Abstract ( 758 )   Objective To determine the normal reference values of 33 elements, Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hg, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sr, Th, Ti, Tl, U, V, Zn and Zr, in the blood and urine samples from the general population in Sanmen County of Zhejiang province, a typical coastal area of eastern China. Methods The 33 elements in 272 blood and 300 urine samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. The normality test of data was conducted using SPSS 17.0 Statistics. The data was compared with other reports. Results The normal reference values of the 33 elements in the blood and urine samples from the general population in Sanmen County were obtained, which of some elements were found to be similar with other reports, such as Co, Cu, Mn and Sr, while As, Cd, Hg and Pb were generally found to be higher than those previously reported. There was a wide variation between the reports from different countries in blood Ba. Conclusion The normal reference values of the 33 elements in the blood and urine samples from the general population in Sanmen County are established, and successfully applied to two poisoning cases. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Retrospective Analysis of 88 Solved Intentional Homicide Cases TANG JIA-QUAN, LIU JIAN-FENG 2016, 32(2): 119-122.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.010 Abstract ( 826 )   Objective To summarize the key points, difficulties and relevant practical experiences for analyzing the scene of solved intentional homicide cases. Methods The data of 88 solved intentional homicide cases in a county from 2004 to 2013 were collected and the retrospective analysis was performed. Results The number of local female victims obviously higher than non-local female victims and the number of non-local suspects is obviously higher than local suspects. The number of Male suspects showed higher compared with the female. Most of them were temporary workers, unemployment or farmers with less education backgrounds. The main causes of victims’ death were mechanical injury or asphyxia. The murders were acquaintances in most intentional homicide cases. The motive of the stranger murders was commonly money. The murder behavior types of homicide cases were related with people, money and sexual assault. Camouflage and guilty behavior showed the most significance. Conclusion The accurate identification of suspects is one of the most important task in forensic investigation and reflects the importance of the criminal scene analysis for intentional homicide cases. It also provides the direction of future research. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Different Pretreatment Methods for DNA Extraction from Teeth LUO JI-HUAI, SUN HONG-BING, YANG XIN, ET AL. 2016, 32(2): 123-125.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.011 Abstract ( 881 )   Objective To compare the concentration of teeth DNA extracted by three different pretreatment methods and to explore a simple, economical and practical pretreatment method with high concentration of extracted DNA from teeth. Methods A total number of 21 molars were collected from 7 corpses. The pretreatment of 3 molars from each individual was randomly performed by tooth crumb method, ball-milling method and liquid nitrogen milling method and 50 mg tooth crumb was weight and DNA was extracted by AutoMate ExpressTM forensic DNA extraction system. Subsequently, the concentration of DNA and corresponding STR genotyping of three methods were compared. Results The DNA concentration extracted by tooth crumb method, ball-milling method and liquid nitrogen milling method was 0.055 6-1.989 1 ng/μL, 0.036 6-1.175 6 ng/μL and 0.037 8-1.249 0 ng/μL, respectively. The DNA concentration obtained by tooth crumb method was higher （P＜0.05） and the success rate of STR genotyping was high. Conclusion Combined with AutoMate ExpressTM forensic DNA extraction system, tooth crumb method is an efficient and feasible method to extract DNA from teeth, which can be applied in forensic practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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New Progress of MALDI-TOF-IMS in the Study of Proteomics REN GUAN-HENG, WENG RONG-HUA, SHI YAN, ET AL. 2016, 32(2): 126-130.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.012 Abstract ( 817 )   Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight imaging mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF-IMS） has been a classical technique for studying proteomics in present and a tool for analyzing the distribution of proteins and small molecules within biological tissue sections. MALDI-TOF-IMS can analyze multiple unknown compounds in biological tissue sections simultaneously through a single measurement which can obtain molecule imaging of the tissue while maintaining the integrity of cellular and molecules in tissue. In recent years, imaging mass spectrometry technique develops relatively quickly in all biomedical domain. This paper based on the relevant data and reviews the present developing level of MALDI-TOF-IMS, the principle of imaging mass spectrometry, methology and the prospect in forensic pathology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of circRNA and Its Significance in Forensic Science ZHANG YA-QI, SHAO CHENG-CHEN, LI CHENG-TAO, ET AL. 2016, 32(2): 131-133.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.02.013 Abstract ( 1091 )   RNA has received more attention in the field of forensic medicine and the development of the new biological markers based on RNA shows great significance in the analysis of complex cases. circular RNA （circRNA） is a kind of non-coding RNA which is widely reported recently. Although the regulatory mechanisms of generation and expression are not fully clear, the existing research indicates that circRNA has important biological functions. CircRNA has a cell-type-specific expression with great stability and a high expression level, which makes it meaningful in forensic applications potentially. In this paper, the research progress, the generation and regulation of circRNA as well as its biological characteristics and functions are summarized, which will provide references for related studies and forensic applications. Related Articles | Metrics