法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 519-524.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.05.003

所属专题： 人体表征分子鉴识

• 专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

从“非洲起源说”研究到“DNA族群地域推断”侦查应用

江丽， 刘京， 李彩霞   

  1. 公安部物证鉴定中心 现场物证溯源技术国家工程实验室 法医遗传学公安部重点实验室 北京市现场物证检验工程技术研究中心，北京 100038
  • 发布日期:2019-10-25 出版日期:2019-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 李彩霞，女，博士，主任法医师，主任从事法医物证学研究；E-mail：licaixia@tsinghua.org.cn
  • 作者简介:江丽（1989—），女，博士，副主任法医师，主要从事法医物证学研究；E-mail：jl@mail.bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目（81772027）；“十三五”国家重点研发计划资助项目（2017YFC0803501）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费资助项目（2017JB025，2017JB027）；2018首都科技领军人才培养工程资助项目（Z18110006318006）

From the “Out of Africa Theory” Study to the Application of “DNA Biogeographic Ancestry Inference” in Criminal Investigation

JIANG Li, LIU Jing, LI Cai-xia   

  1. National Engineering Laboratory for Crime Scene Evidence Investigation and Examination, Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing 100038, China
  • Online:2019-10-25 Published:2019-10-28

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摘要： 伴随全基因组测序、生物信息等技术的发展，单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism，SNP）、插入/缺失（insertion/deletion，InDel）等遗传标记被发现并大量应用，从遗传学角度逐步研究获知了现代人群的起源和遗传结构。法医遗传学领域族群地域来源推断研究也应运而生并快速发展，为案件侦办过程中确定侦查方向、缩小排查范围提供了线索和科学依据。本文对目前族群推断技术的研究进展、推断方法、发展趋势等情况进行综述。

关键词: 法医遗传学；多态性, 单核苷酸；非洲起源；族群地域推断；东亚

Abstract:

Genetic markers, such as single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP）, insertion/deletion （InDel）, were discovered and widely used with the development of whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics technology. The origin and genetic structure of the modern population had been gradually revealed from the perspective of genetics. The study on biogeographic ancestry inference in the field of forensic genetics emerged and developed rapidly, providing clues and scientific basis for the determination of investigation direction and for the narrow of the scope of investigation in the process of case investigation. This paper briefly reviews the research progress, inference methods and development trends of DNA ancestry inference technology.

Key words: forensic genetics, polymorphism, single nucleotide, out of Africa, biogeographic ancestry inference, East Asia