法医学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 246-253.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2021.410908
马成栋1,2(), 吴秋萍1, 赵乾皓1, 殷坤1, 周南1, 伍赛群1,2, 成建定1()
收稿日期:
2021-09-01
发布日期:
2022-04-25
出版日期:
2022-04-28
通讯作者:
成建定
作者简介:
成建定,男,博士,教授,博士研究生导师,主要从事法医病理学研究;E-mail:chengjd@mail.sysu.edu.cn基金资助:
Cheng-dong MA1,2(), Qiu-ping WU1, Qian-hao ZHAO1, YIN-Kun1, Nan ZHOU1, Sai-qun WU1,2, Jian-ding CHENG1()
Received:
2021-09-01
Online:
2022-04-25
Published:
2022-04-28
Contact:
Jian-ding CHENG
摘要: 通过回顾运动相关性猝死(sports-related sudden death,SrSD)的流行病学特征,分析和探索与SrSD相关的危险因素,为此类猝死的综合防治提供科学依据。 以广东地区2007—2021年与运动相关的374例猝死事件为研究对象,收集个人基本信息(性别、年龄、职业等)、事件相关信息(发生时间、地点、运动项目、发病与运动的相对时间等)、死亡相关信息(先兆或前驱症状、病史和手术史等)、救助情况(是否有目击者、是否有现场救助、是否有“120”到场急救等),针对重点因素进行统计学分析。 374例SrSD案例中,男性明显多于女性(男女性比例为19.78∶1);>39~59岁年龄段人数最多(151例,40.37%);非体力劳动者(68.98%)多于体力劳动者;案例数最集中的前三位运动项目为篮球(34.49%)、跑步(19.52%)、羽毛球(12.03%);下午15~21时(63.10%)为事件最高发的时间段;猝死主要发生于运动期间(75.27%)和运动后1 h内(20.05%);现场救助率很低(6.15%);尸体解剖率极低(1.07%),病因以心脏性猝死(67.11%)占比最高。 SrSD以>39~59岁男性最为多见,非体力劳动者居多,常发生在篮球和跑步项目,猝死好发于运动期间和运动后1 h内,在日常的综合防治中应重点关注并研究以上潜在的危险因素,为精准开展此类猝死的预防和急救提供科学依据。
中图分类号:
马成栋, 吴秋萍, 赵乾皓, 殷坤, 周南, 伍赛群, 成建定. 广东地区运动相关性猝死的流行病学调查[J]. 法医学杂志, 2022, 38(2): 246-253.
Cheng-dong MA, Qiu-ping WU, Qian-hao ZHAO, YIN-Kun, Nan ZHOU, Sai-qun WU, Jian-ding CHENG. Epidemiology of Sports-Related Sudden Death in Guangdong Province[J]. Journal of Forensic Medicine, 2022, 38(2): 246-253.
项目 | 男性/例 | 女性/例 | 合计/[例(%)] |
---|---|---|---|
年龄段/岁 | |||
0~19 | 55 | 8 | 63(16.84) |
>19~39 | 109 | 3 | 112(29.95) |
>39~59 | 150 | 1 | 151(40.37) |
>59~79 | 39 | 6 | 45(12.03) |
>79 | 3 | 0 | 3(0.80) |
职业 | |||
非体力劳动者 | 246 | 12 | 258(68.98) |
体力劳动者 | 110 | 6 | 116(31.02) |
表1 案例基本情况 (N=374)
Tab. 1 Basic information of the cases
项目 | 男性/例 | 女性/例 | 合计/[例(%)] |
---|---|---|---|
年龄段/岁 | |||
0~19 | 55 | 8 | 63(16.84) |
>19~39 | 109 | 3 | 112(29.95) |
>39~59 | 150 | 1 | 151(40.37) |
>59~79 | 39 | 6 | 45(12.03) |
>79 | 3 | 0 | 3(0.80) |
职业 | |||
非体力劳动者 | 246 | 12 | 258(68.98) |
体力劳动者 | 110 | 6 | 116(31.02) |
运动项目 | 例数 | 百分比/% |
---|---|---|
篮球 | 129 | 34.49 |
跑步 | 73 | 19.52 |
羽毛球 | 45 | 12.03 |
综合锻炼 | 32 | 8.56 |
乒乓球 | 26 | 6.95 |
足球 | 23 | 6.15 |
健身 | 16 | 4.28 |
高尔夫 | 10 | 2.67 |
网球 | 4 | 1.07 |
桌球 | 2 | 0.53 |
跳绳 | 2 | 0.53 |
拓展运动 | 2 | 0.53 |
划船 | 2 | 0.53 |
拔河 | 2 | 0.53 |
游泳 | 1 | 0.27 |
跳舞 | 1 | 0.27 |
高山速降 | 1 | 0.27 |
自行车 | 1 | 0.27 |
击鼓 | 1 | 0.27 |
壁球 | 1 | 0.27 |
表2 SrSD涉及的运动项目 (N=374)
Tab. 2 Sports involved in SrSD
运动项目 | 例数 | 百分比/% |
---|---|---|
篮球 | 129 | 34.49 |
跑步 | 73 | 19.52 |
羽毛球 | 45 | 12.03 |
综合锻炼 | 32 | 8.56 |
乒乓球 | 26 | 6.95 |
足球 | 23 | 6.15 |
健身 | 16 | 4.28 |
高尔夫 | 10 | 2.67 |
网球 | 4 | 1.07 |
桌球 | 2 | 0.53 |
跳绳 | 2 | 0.53 |
拓展运动 | 2 | 0.53 |
划船 | 2 | 0.53 |
拔河 | 2 | 0.53 |
游泳 | 1 | 0.27 |
跳舞 | 1 | 0.27 |
高山速降 | 1 | 0.27 |
自行车 | 1 | 0.27 |
击鼓 | 1 | 0.27 |
壁球 | 1 | 0.27 |
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