法医学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 70-76.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2022.521001

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

游离DNA最新研究进展及法医学应用展望

胡文静(), 杨婷婷, 王雅雅, 严江伟()   

  1. 山西医科大学法医学院,山西 晋中 030600
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-03 发布日期:2024-03-19 出版日期:2024-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 严江伟
  • 作者简介:胡文静(1998—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事法医基因组学研究;E-mail:huwenjing@sxmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(82030058);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFC3300102)

The Latest Research Progress on Cell-Free DNA and Prospects of Its Forensic Application

Wen-jing HU(), Ting-ting YANG, Ya-ya WANG, Jiang-wei YAN()   

  1. School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2022-10-03 Online:2024-03-19 Published:2024-02-25
  • Contact: Jiang-wei YAN

摘要:

近年来,随着DNA提取和检测技术的不断进步,游离DNA(cell-free DNA,cfDNA)已经在生命科学领域得到了广泛应用,在法医学鉴定领域中的潜在应用价值也越来越明显。本文回顾了cfDNA概念、形成机制与分类等,并阐述了cfDNA在法医学现场接触检材的个体识别和无创产前亲缘关系鉴定应用中的最新研究进展,同时总结了cfDNA在损伤推断中的应用潜力,并探讨了常用cfDNA分析方法和技术的优缺点及应用展望,为cfDNA在法医学领域的广泛应用提供新思路。

关键词: 法医遗传学, 游离DNA, 接触检材, 无创产前亲子鉴定, 个体识别, 亲缘关系, 综述

Abstract:

In recent years, with the continuous progress of DNA extraction and detection technology, cell-free DNA(cfDNA)has been widely used in the life science field, and its potential application value in forensic identification is becoming more and more obvious. This paper reviews the concept, formation mechanism, and classification of cfDNA,etc., and describes the latest research progress of cfDNA in personal identification of crime scene touch DNA samples and non-invasive prenatal paternity testing (NIPPT). Meanwhile, this paper summarizes the potential application of cfDNA in injury inference, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of common cfDNA analysis methods and techniques, and its application prospects, to provide a new idea for the wide application of cfDNA in the field of forensic science.

Key words: forensic genetics, cell-free DNA, touch DNA, non-invasive prenatal paternity testing, individual identification, paternity, review

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