法医学杂志

• 论著 •    

DNA实验室人源性DNA污染TaqMan qPCR检测方法的建立及应用

沈高芳1(), 周咏松2, 张健球1, 嵇世有1, 吴应锋1, 尚昊1, 朱波峰2()   

  1. 1.扬州市公安局,江苏 扬州 225100
    2.南方医科大学法医学院 广州市法医多组学精准鉴识重点实验室,广东 广州 510515
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 朱波峰
  • 作者简介:沈高芳(1970—),女,主任法医师,主要从事法医物证鉴定和物证检验技术研究;E-mail:1284672038@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省社会发展科技协同创新体系建设项目-区域创新能力与支撑保障体系建设(2024A1111120006);扬州市科技计划资助项目(YZ2023127)

Establishment and Application of TaqMan qPCR Detection Method for Human DNA Contamination in DNA Laboratory

Gao-fang SHEN1(), Yong-song ZHOU2, Jian-qiu ZHANG1, Shi-you JI1, Ying-feng WU1, Hao SHANG1, Bo-feng ZHU2()   

  1. 1.Yangzhou Public Security Bureau, Yangzhou 225100, Jiangsu Province, China
    2.School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-omics for Precision Identification, Guangzhou 510515, China
  • Received:2023-10-20
  • Contact: Bo-feng ZHU

摘要:

目的 基于实时定量PCR(real time quantitative PCR,qPCR)技术,建立一种灵敏度高、特异性好的人源性DNA检测方法,以实现对DNA实验室中潜在DNA污染源的快速检测。 方法 以人18S rRNA基因的参考序列为模板,用Primer Express®设计引物和探针,用矩阵法筛选最优引物-探针组合。用人18S rRNA基因靶标序列的PCR扩增产物构建质粒,并用质粒标准品绘制qPCR体系的标准曲线。参照《实时定量PCR实验发表所需最低信息指南》(Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-time PCR Experiments,MIQE)要求,评估qPCR体系的特异性、灵敏度、重复性及应用效果。 结果 建立的qPCR体系的分析灵敏度为5.3×10-5 ng/μL,对人源性DNA样本具有较好的特异性。qPCR体系的相关系数为0.999,扩增效率为100%,批次内和批次间变异系数均小于2%。 结论 建立的人源性DNA qPCR检测方法的特异性好、灵敏度高、稳定性好,可用于DNA实验室污染的快速检测和实验室环境中累积的人源性DNA的日常监控。

关键词: 法医遗传学, DNA污染, 实验室, 实时定量PCR(qPCR), TaqMan探针, 法医DNA分析

Abstract:

Objective To establish a highly sensitive and specific method for detecting human DNA based on real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) technique for the rapid detection of potential DNA contamination sources in DNA laboratories. Methods Primers and probes were designed with Primer Express® software using the reference sequence of human 18S rRNA gene as a template, and the optimal prime-probe combination was screened by matrix method. The PCR products of the target sequence of human 18S rRNA gene were used to construct the plasmid, and a plasmid standard was used to draw the standard curve of the qPCR system. According to MIQE guidelines, the specificity, sensitivity, repeatability, and application effect of the qPCR system were evaluated. Results The sensitivity of qPCR system established in this study was 5.3×10-5 ng/μL, which showed good specificity for human DNA samples. The correlation coefficient of the qPCR system was 0.999, and amplification efficiency was 100%. Both the intra-batch and inter-batch variation coefficients were less than 2%. Conclusion The established human DNA detection method based on qPCR technique has good specificity, high sensitivity, and good stability. It can be used for rapid detection of DNA contamination and daily monitoring of the accumulated human DNA in the laboratory environment.

Key words: forensic genetics, DNA contamination, laboratory, real time quantitative PCR (qPCR), TaqMan probe, forensic DNA analysis

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