法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 374-377.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.360306

• 前沿快报 • 上一篇    

气体毒物：一氧化二氮（笑气）

强火生(), 陈航()   

  1. 司法鉴定科学研究院 上海市法医学重点实验室 司法部司法鉴定重点实验室 上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台，上海 200063
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-26 发布日期:2026-10-28 出版日期:2026-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈航
  • 作者简介:强火生（1991—），男，硕士，主检法医师，主要从事法医毒物分析研究；E-mail：qianghs@ssfjd.cn
  • 基金资助:
    上海市科技攻关资助项目(24DZ3001800);上海市法医学重点实验室资助项目(21DZ2270800);上海市标准化创新中心（司法鉴定）

Gaseous Poison： Nitrous Oxide （Laughing Gas）

Huosheng Qiang(), Hang Chen()   

  1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
  • Received:2026-03-26 Online:2026-10-28 Published:2026-08-25
  • Contact: Hang Chen

RichHTML

0

PDF (PC)

16

补充材料

1

摘要：

一氧化二氮，又称笑气，是传统毒品的替代物质之一。笑气滥用可导致认知功能改变和记忆损害，短时间内大量吸食可能导致机体缺氧，严重时可致突然窒息死亡。本文基于国内外相关研究，系统梳理笑气的药理毒理作用、毒性数据、中毒症状、体内过程以及典型案例的毒物分析数据，以期为法医学鉴定提供参考。

关键词: 法医学, 毒物分析, 一氧化二氮（笑气）, 药理毒理作用, 中毒症状, 体内过程

Abstract:

Nitrous oxide （N2O）, also known as laughing gas, is one of the substances used as an alternative to traditional illicit drugs. Abuse of N2O can cause cognitive impairment and memory deficits. Inhalation of an excessive amount of N2O within a short period of time may cause systemic hypoxia and, in severe cases, can result in sudden asphyxial death. Based on relevant domestic and international research, this paper systematically reviews the pharmacological and toxicological effects, toxicological data, symptoms of poisoning, in vivo process and toxicological analysis findings from representative cases involving N2O with the aim of providing a reference for forensic identification.

Key words: forensic medicine, toxicological analysis, nitrous oxide （laughing gas）, pharmacological and toxicological effects, symptoms of poisoning, in vivo process

中图分类号: