法医学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 366-370.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2012.05.011

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

表观遗传学在法医学中的应用研究进展

杨雅冉1,王鹏翔2,方向东1,严江伟1   

  1. (1. 中国科学院 北京基因组研究所,北京 100029; 2. 内蒙古医科大学基础医学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010059)
  • 发布日期:2012-10-25 出版日期:2012-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 严江伟,博士,副研究员,主要从事人类遗传多样性研究;E-mail:yanjw@big.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:杨雅冉(1987—),女,回族,河北沧州人,助理工程师,主要从事法医遗传学研究;E-mail:yangyr@big.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81172909,81072511);上海市法医学重点建设实验室开放课题(KF1001)

Progress on Epigenetics Applications in Forensic Science

YANG YA-RAN1, WANG PENG-XIANG2, FANG XIANG-DONG1, YAN JIANG-WEI1   

  1. (1. Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; 2. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China)
  • Online:2012-10-25 Published:2012-10-28

摘要: 表观遗传学指DNA序列无变化的、可遗传的基因表达改变,主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑、基因组印记、X染色体失活以及非编码RNA调控等方面。随着研究的深入,表观遗传学逐渐在法医学实践常遇到的特殊问题中发挥作用,如妊娠期胎儿父权的认定、单亲鉴定中亲代必需等位基因的确定、同卵双生子的区分、微量组织来源确定及伪造DNA的鉴定等。本文介绍了表观遗传学的基本概念、研究内容,并对表观遗传学在亲权鉴定、年龄推断、双生子鉴别及组织来源鉴定和死亡时间推断等方面的最新进展进行综述。

关键词: 法医遗传学, 表观遗传学, 综述[文献类型]

Abstract: Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence. Such changes include DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, genomic imprinting, X chromosome inactivation and non-coding RNA regulation. Recent progresses on epigenetics open new possibilities in tackling these challenging problems in forensic science, including identification of fetal paternity testing in embryonic period, determination of the necessary allele in paternity testing, discrimination of identical twins, origination analysis of micro tissue, verification of forged DNA. This review focuses on epigenetics concept and its latest application in the field of paternity testing, age estimation, discrimination between the twins, identification of tissue of origin, and estimation of postmortem interval.

Key words: forensic genetics, epigenetics, review[publication type]

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