法医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 260-266.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.540306

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

法医转录组学技术在体液斑迹组织来源推断中的应用

白一帆1,2(), 赵禾苗2, 陈静2, 刘洪迪2, 杨瑞琴1(), 王冲2()   

  1. 1.中国人民公安大学侦查学院,北京 100038
    2.公安部鉴定中心 法医遗传学公安部重点实验室,北京 100038
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2025-09-15 出版日期:2025-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 杨瑞琴,王冲
  • 作者简介:白一帆(2001—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事理化检验研究;E-mail:yilu680@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所资助项目(2023JB005)

Application of Forensic Transcriptomics in the Identification of Tissue Origin of Body Fluid Stains

Yi-fan BAI1,2(), He-miao ZHAO2, Jing CHEN2, Hong-di LIU2, Rui-qin YANG1(), Chong WANG2()   

  1. 1.School of Investigation, People’s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science of China, Beijing 100038, China
  • Received:2024-03-25 Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-06-25
  • Contact: Rui-qin YANG, Chong WANG

摘要:

体液斑迹的组织来源推断对于案件侦办和法庭诉讼至关重要。传统的体液斑迹鉴定方法如形态学法、化学法、免疫法推断等存在一定的局限性,亟须使用更高效的方法进行确证实验。近年来,转录组学技术为体液斑迹组织来源推断提供了新的手段。转录组中不同类型RNA各有优势,本文详细阐述了mRNA、miRNA、circRNA、lncRNA、piRNA等不同类型RNA和微生物转录组在体液鉴定中的应用,并总结其优势及局限性,以期为相关研究提供参考。

关键词: 法医遗传学, 转录组学, 体液斑迹, 组织来源推断, 综述

Abstract:

The inference of tissue origin of body fluid stains is crucial for case investigation and court proceedings. However, traditional methods for identification of body fluid stains, such as morphological, chemical, and immunoassay identifications have certain limitations, and there is an urgent need for more efficient methods for confirmatory experiments. In recent years, the rapid development of transcriptomics technology has provided new means for the identification of tissue origin of body fluid stains. Different types of RNA in the transcriptome have their own advantages. This paper elaborates in detail on the application of different types of RNA, such as mRNA, miRNA, circRNA, lncRNA, piRNA and microbial transcriptomics in body fluid identification, and summarizes their respective advantages and limitations, in order to provide a reference for related research.

Key words: forensic genetics, transcriptomics, body fluid stains, tissue origin identification, review

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