法医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 348-354.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2025.350402

• 论著快检技术赋能法医毒物学多场景应用专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于便携式质谱仪的依托咪酯及其类似物的快速筛查

唐梦瑶1(), 黄博宇1, 刘翠梅2(), 刘雪燕1, 贾薇2, 花镇东2   

  1. 1.中国药科大学药学院,江苏 南京 210009
    2.公安部禁毒情报技术中心 毒品监测管控与禁毒关键技术公安部重点实验室,北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-12 发布日期:2025-11-25 出版日期:2025-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘翠梅
  • 作者简介:唐梦瑶(2002—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事毒品和新精神活性物质分析研究;E-mail:3324010717@stu.cpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC3300902)

Rapid Screening of Etomidate and Its Analogues Using a Portable Mass Spectrometer

Meng-yao TANG1(), Bo-yu HUANG1, Cui-mei LIU2(), Xue-yan LIU1, Wei JIA2, Zhen-dong HUA2   

  1. 1.School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Drug Monitoring and Control, Drug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2025-04-12 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-08-25
  • Contact: Cui-mei LIU

摘要:

目的 建立基于热解吸大气压化学电离源-线性离子阱便携式质谱仪的依托咪酯及其类似物快速筛查分析方法。 方法 取10 μL质量浓度为1 μg/mL的标准品溶液,待溶剂挥干后插入便携式质谱仪进样口进行检测,通过调整碰撞诱导解离参数,得到该标准品的分子离子峰和碎片离子峰信息,并根据该信息建立数据库。此外,采用该方法对29份实际缴获的液体和植物样品进行测试。 结果 构建了基于便携式质谱仪和质谱库的依托咪酯及其类似物筛查系统,该系统通过识别依托咪酯及其类似物的一级准分子离子和二级产物离子来实现定性筛查分析。依托咪酯及其12种类似物的检出限为0.1~10 μg/mL。29份液体和植物样品中均识别出依托咪酯及其类似物,但该方法无法区分咪酯类异构体,如异丙帕酯和丙帕酯。测试2-巯基依托咪酯样品时,会出现依托咪酯的假阳性结果。 结论 建立了一种基于便携式质谱仪的依托咪酯及其类似物快速筛查分析方法,该方法结合了质谱分析的高灵敏度和便携设备的现场适用性,显著提升了检测效率,可满足依托咪酯及其类似物的现场检测需求。

关键词: 法医学, 毒物分析, 依托咪酯, 结构类似物, 便携式质谱仪, 快速筛查

Abstract:

Objective To establish a rapid screening and analysis method for etomidate and its analogues using a portable mass spectrometer equipped with a thermal desorption-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source-linear ion trap. Methods A 10 μL aliquot of a standard solution at a concentration of 1 μg/mL was taken, and after the solvent evaporated, the sample was inserted into the inlet of the portable mass spectrometer for detection. By adjusting the collision-induced dissociation parameters, the molecular ion peak and fragment ion peak information of the standard were obtained and used to establish a reference database. In addition, the method was applied to 29 seized liquid and plant samples. Results A screening system for etomidate and its analogues was established based on the portable mass spectrometer and the corresponding mass spectrometry library. The system enables qualitative screening analysis by identifying primary protonated molecular ions and secondary product ions of etomidate and its analogues. The limits of detection for etomidate and its 12 analogues ranged from 0.1 to 10 μg/mL. Etomidate and its analogues were detected in all 29 liquid and plant samples. However, this method could not distinguish between isomeric imidazole esters, such as isopropoxate and propoxate. Additionally, when testing 2-SH-etomidate, there was a false positive for the detection of etomidate. Conclusion This study established a rapid screening method for etomidate and its analogues using a portable mass spectrometer. The method combines the high sensitivity of mass spectrome-try with the on-site applicability of portable devices, significantly improving detection efficiency and meeting the on-site detection needs of etomidate and its analogues.

Key words: forensic medicine, toxicological analysis, etomidate, analogues, portable mass spectrometer, rapid screening

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