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28 June 2009, Volume 25 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Changes of ICAM-1 mRNA Expression in Rats' Skeletal Muscle after Contusion PEI MING;SUN JUN-HONG;GAO CAI-RONG(.SCHOOL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANXI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;TAIYUAN 0000;CHINA;.QUANSHAN BRANCH OF XUZHOU PUBLIC SECURITY BUREAU;XUZHOU 00;CHINA) 2009, 0(3): 161-163.  Abstract ( 2016 )   Objective To investigate the expression of intercellular adhesion molecular-1(ICAM-1) mRNA in contused skeletal muscle of rats using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) and its relationship with the contusion interval.Methods To make the contusion models with rats skeletal muscle.The samples were taken to extract mRNA at 0.5 h,1 h,6 h,12 h,18 h,24 h,30 h and from the control group after contusion respectively.FISH was performed on frozen section samples and the sections were observed using LSCM.Results The expression of ICAM-1 mRNA peaked at 6 h in skeletal muscle after contusion.Its level fell to 3.46 times the level of control group at 18 h and then increased again.Conclusion The time-order expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in 30 hours after contusion is potentially useful for estimation of early wound age. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of Tryptase and Chymase in Human Lung Tissue of Anaphylactic Shock WEI ZHI-YAN;GAO CAI-RONG;PEI MING(DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY;SCHOOL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANXI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;TAIYUAN 0000;CHINA) 2009, 0(3): 164-167.  Abstract ( 1990 )   Objective To explore the expression of tryptase and chymase in human lung tissue of anaphylactic shock and its value for forensic medicine.Methods With ten carbon monoxide poisoning cases as control group,the levels of tryptase and chymase were observed by immunofluorescence and analyzed using the Image Analyze and the Image-pro plus 5.0.2.The positive mast cells were counted and the levels of the tryptase and chymase were calculated respectively.Results There was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05) for the tryptase and chymase concentrations in the lung tissue between the anaphylactic shock group and the control group.Conclusion The levels of the tryptase and the chymase expression are greatly increased in human lung tissue of anaphylactic shock,which may provide the morphological evidence and reference for the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock in forensic practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Demirjian's Method for Chronological Age Estimation in Teenagers of Shanghai Han Population SHI GE-FEI;LIU RUI-JUE;TAO JIANG;FAN LI-HUA;ZHU GUANG-YOU(.SHANGHAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SOOCHOW 2009, 0(3): 168-171.  Abstract ( 1862 )   Objective To study the applicability of Demirjian's method for age estimation in teenagers of Shanghai Han population in China.Methods Paired t-test was performed between the chronological age and the age determined by Demirjian's method of 501 teenagers whose orthopantomograms were collected from the ninth hospital of Shanghai.There were 168 boys and 333 girls involved in this study with chronological age from 11 to 20 years.Uni-factor model was used to explore the relationships of the two kinds of age.Results For the marked difference between the chronological age and determined age,Demirjian's method was not suitable to the Chinese Han adolescents.The results of paired t-test between chronological age and predicted age from quadratic equation showed that there was no significant difference in boys aged 12-16 years,in girls aged 12-14 years and 15-17 years repectively.The uni-factor model could make the error of determined age less than 1 year to 81.04% of the samples.Conclusion The age between 11 and 17 years can be well estimated by our method,except for the 17 years of age and above. Related Articles | Metrics

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Behavior Study of Ketamine-induced Symptoms Similar to Schizophrenia in Mice LIU WEI-LI;BIAN SHI-ZHONG;GU ZHEN-LUN;JIANG XIAO-GANG;GUO CI-YI;ZHAO YAN-BO(.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SOOCHOW UNIVERSITY;SUZHOU;CHINA;.SUZHOU INSTITUTE OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA;SUZHOU 00;CHINA;.LABORATORY 2009, 0(3): 172-175.  Abstract ( 1974 )   Objective To observe the symptoms similar to schizophrenia in mice after ketamine single or continuous injection and to evaluate the feasibility of schizophrenia model injected with different dose of ketamine.Methods A total of 40 male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,which were injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline(control group),25 mg/kg ketamine(low dose group),50 mg/kg ketamine(middle dose group),and 100 mg/kg ketamine(high dose group) qd for 7 days continuously.The behavior changes of mice were observed.Results Hyperactivity,stereotyped behavior and ataxia(P<0.01) were observed in high dose group after single injection.After continuous injection of ketamine for 7 days,the middle dose group showed hyperactivity,stereotyped behavior and ataxia(P<0.05),stereotyped behavior and ataxia were more significant in high dose group(P<0.01).Conclusion Ketamine can induce the symptoms similar to schizophrenia in mice after single or continuous injection.The symptoms induced by high dose ketamine will be more prominent and stable after continuous injection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Distribution of Aconitum Alkaloids in the Corpse Died of Acute Aconite Intoxication LIU WEI;SHEN MIN;QIN ZHI-QIANG(.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANGHAI MEDICAL COLLEGE;FUDAN UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;.SHANGHAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000 2009, 0(3): 176-178.  Abstract ( 1804 )   Objective To investigate the distribution of aconite alkaloids in biological fluids and tissues in the corpse died of acute aconite intoxication and to provide information for sample selection and result evaluation in forensic identification.Methods The content of aconite alkaloids in biological fluids and tissues were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Results The content of aconite displayed in decending order of urine,bile,gastric content,heart blood,pancreas,heart,intestine,liver,kidney,stomach,lung,gallbladder and spleen,with no aconite detected in the brain.Conclusion It was indicated that urine,bile and blood are the best specimens for the determination of aconite in body of the acute aconite intoxication. Related Articles | Metrics

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A New Method for Calculating the Paternity Index in Presence of Mutation L DE-JIAN;LU HUI-LING(DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC BIOLOGY;ZHONGSHAN MEDICAL COLLEGE;SUN YAT-SEN UNIVERSITY;GUANGZHOU 00;CHINA) 2009, 0(3): 179-183.  Abstract ( 1909 )   Objective To introduce a method of calculating the paternity index(PI) for autosomal codominant markers when the mutation is encountered.Methods Assuming mutation arises with a mutational probability before an allele segregates and transmits to child with 1/2 chance,the probability of a random man giving an allele to child is the allele frequency in population.Considering only one mutation event in one case,the mutant allele can be determined by comparing the allele between parents and child.Furthermore,the probability of child's genotype can be calculated to identify the father between a tested man and a random male.Subsequently,the PI can be calculated.Results Formula of PI was deduced for trios,duos and missing child cases,including maternal mutation.Conclusion The method is easy to understand and useful in paternity testing. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Evaluation of Identifiler~(TM) System in Paternity Testing QUE TING-ZHI;YAN PIN-HUA;LIN YUAN;LIU YAN;LI LI(SHANGHAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2009, 0(3): 184-186.  Abstract ( 2103 )   Objective To evaluate the power of IdentifilerTM System for paternity testing.Methods A total of 3 277 paternity testing cases were studied using IdentifilerTM System.The exclusion power and mutation rates of the IdentifilerTM System were analysed in the paternity testing.Results The cumulated power of exclusion was 0.999 998 827,and the cumulated discriminating power was 0.999 999 999 999 999 98,respectively.Of the 3 277 cases,paternity was confirmed in 2 863,but excluded in 347.Among this paternity testing,mutations involving a single STR locus were observed in 65 cases,while mutations involving 2 STR loci were observed in 2 cases.Conclusion The IdentifilerTM System is powerful and reliable for paternity testing. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Mentype~ Argus X-8 Kit in Forensic Paternity Testing ZHANG SU-HUA;CHANG JING-JING;LI-LI(.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SOOCHOW UNIVERSITY;SUZHOU;CHINA;.SHANGHAI MEDICAL COLLEGE;FUDAN UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;.SHANGHAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUT 2009, 0(3): 187-191.  Abstract ( 1939 )   Objective To evaluate the application value of Mentype Argus X-8 kit in Chinese population,and to gather the genetic data of the eight X-STR loci.Methods The X-STR of 177 blood samples of unrelated East China Han population and 104 duo paternity testing cases was typed using Mentype Argus X-8 kit.The allele frequency and genetic data of the eight loci were investigated.Results The PIC of the eight X-STR loci was between 0.445 4 and 0.918 7.Among them,DXS10135 and DXS10101 had the highest PIC and exclusion rate in paternity cases.The other seven loci showed no difference in sexrelated allele frequency except DXS7132.In addition,there were several new alleles detected including DXS10074(allele 15.3),DXS10101(allele 36) and DXS10134(allele 37.3).Conclusion Eight X-STR loci included in Mentype Argus X-8 kit are high polymorphic and valuable. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 82 Forensic Expertise Cases on Medical Disputes in Obstetrics and Gynecology ZHOU MIN;HUANG YUN;DENG ZHEN-HUA(WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA) 2009, 0(3): 192-194.  Abstract ( 2051 )   Objective To study the rules of forensic expertise on medical disputes in obstetrics and gynecology,and the characteristics of medical faults in order to provide theoretical supports for forensic expertise.Methods Eighty two cases of forensic expertise on medical disputes in obstetrics and gynecology were respectively analyzed,which were performed in Forensic Science Center of West China from 2002 to 2008.Results It has been found that cases of forensic expertise on medical disputes in obstetrics and gynecology were increasing year by year,with more dispute cases from municipal(district) and county hospitals than other hospitals.More disputes involved in childbearing and surgery cases.The main reasons of the medical faults were due to defects of medical techniques and managements.Conclusion The forensic expertise of medical dispute must focus on the corresponding clinical regulations and whether the doctor fulfill their obligations.Meanwhile,whether there are physician negligence,technique faults and management defects should be investigated. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 84 Ocular Disability Cases in Traffic Accident ZHANG YUN-LOU;WANG LI-XIN;YU GUO-HONG;QI LI-QUN(.HANGZHOU QIUZHENG FORENSIC JUDICIAL APPRAISAL INSTITUTE;HANGZHOU 00;CHINA;.LINPIN PEOPLE'S PROCURATORATE OF YUHANG;HANGZHOU 00;CHINA) 2009, 0(3): 195-197.  Abstract ( 2131 )   Objective To study the injury modes,the injury characteristics,the disability grade assessments and other relative problems in eye injuries after traffic accidents.Methods Eighty four ocular disability cases after traffic accidents collected from March 2007 to March 2009 in our institute were retrospectively analyzed.Then to study the ocular disability reasons,the assessment time and methods.Results The main cause of ocular disability is visual dysfunction,and the other causes for example eyeball missing,injury of eyelid,injury of lacrimal apparatus,traumatic cataract and defect of visual field were rare relatively.Most ocular injuries happened to single eye.The disability grades were often from Ⅶ to Ⅹ.Conclusion The accuracy of visual function expertise could be improved by using some tests and visual electrophysiological measurements.The vision and ophthalmology data before the injury of the wounded who has intrinsical disease should be provided.The assessment time should be delayed for people whose visual function still may change. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the Death Cases in the Urban Rail Traffic Accident in Shanghai HU YI-PING;CAO YU;MA KAI-JUN(.SHISHI PUBLIC SECURITY BUREAU;SHISHI 000;CHINA;.THE EVIDENCE IDENTIFYING CENTER OF SHANGHAI PUBLIC SECURITY BUREAU;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2009, 0(3): 198-199.  Abstract ( 2303 )   Objective To analyze the features of death cases in the urban rail traffic accidents in order to prevent the similar accidents in the future and to provide reference for forensic expertise.Methods Eighteen death cases in urban rail traffic accidents between 2005 to 2008 in Shanghai were collected.The forensic characteristics were summarized in aspects of the nature of cases,the injury mechanism and characteristics,etc.Results There were total 18 cases with 14 suicide and 4 accidental incidents,aged from 21 to 55 years.Of those dead,14 died of craniocerebral injury and 4 died of traumatic shock.The injury mechanism included hit,fall and rolling.Conclusion The injury in urban rail traffic accidents have their own characteristics,mainly due to suicide,and partly due to accidental incident,and most of these cases are probably preventable. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in Research of Ketamine Addiction Mechanism LIU WEI-LI;BIAN SHI-ZHONG;GU ZHEN-LUN;JIANG XIAO-GANG;QIN ZHENG-HONG;(.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SOOCHOW UNIVERSITY;SUZHOU;CHINA;.SUZHOU INSTITUTE OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA;SUZHOU 00;CHINA;.LABORATORY OF AG 2009, 0(3): 200-203+.  Abstract ( 1951 )   Ketamine is a phencyclidine derivative acting primarily as a noncompetitive antagonist of Nmethyl-D-aspartate(NMDA) excitatory glutamate receptors.As a common intravenous anaesthetic in clinic,it is also increasingly abused because of its hallucination and addiction effects.Based on the pharmacological and toxicologic characteristics of ketamine and the acknowledged addiction mechanism of other abused drugs,this article reviews the possible addiction mechanism of the ketamine in the aspects of its enhanced effects and reward systems,the anatomic structures,the related receptors and the individual differences. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Advances of Fat Embolism Syndrome in Forensic Medicine FANG JUN-JIE;CHEN YANG(DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;WANNAN MEDICAL COLLEGE;WUHU 000;CHINA) 2009, 0(3): 204-207.  Abstract ( 2081 )   Fat embolism syndrome(FES) is a common and life-threatening clinical syndrome,which is a difficult problem frequently encountered in medical science,especially in forensic medicine and orthopaedics.FES would be easily mistaken or missed by forensic examiner due to the lack of the specific symptoms and signs.This article reviews the etiology,pathogenesis,pathology,the mechanism of death,as well as the advances of the forensic medicine diagnosis of FES with current literatures update. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advanced Investigation of Testamentary Capacity of the Mentally Disordered PANG YAN-XIA;CAI WEI-XIONG;ZHANG QIN-TING;HUANG FU-YIN;TANG TAO;WU JIA-SHENG;WANG JIAN-JUN;DONG RI-XIA;(.SHANGHAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;.DEPARTMENT OF F 2009, 0(3): 208-211.  Abstract ( 2003 )   Testamentary capacity is one of the civil competences,it means that a natural person enjoys the capacity or qualification to establish testament and deal with his property.Recently,the cases of testamentary capacity assessment of the mentally disordered are increasing.This article firstly introduces the concepts of the testament as well as the testamentary capacity,and then summarizes the assessment standard of the testamentary capacity,by using the Banks v.Goodfellow case as a basis to make the standard criteria including:the understanding of the nature of a will and codicil,the knowledge of the general extent of one's assets,the knowledge of the natural object of one's bounty,the understanding of the impact of the distribution of the assets of the estate,and the absence of a delusion specifically affecting the distribution of the estate.The impact factors of the testamentary capacity,including dementia,mood disorder,schizophrenia,alcohol,drug,and undue influence,etc.,are summarized.Lastly,the related assessment tools such as the Mini-Mental State Examination,the Clock-Drawing Test,and the Testament Definition Scale are introduced briefly. Related Articles | Metrics

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Epigenetics and Its New Progress in Monozygotic Twins LI CHENG-TAO;ZHAO SHU-MIN;LI LI(.SHANGHAI KEY LABORATORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;.SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES;FUDAN UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 00;CHINA) 2009, 0(3): 212-216.  Abstract ( 2020 )   Epigenetic,which refers to heritable differences of genes without changing their DNA sequences,is one of the most important biology phenomena in multicellular eukaryotes.Its research contents involves DNA methylation,genomic imprinting,histone acetylation,histone methylation,chromatin remodeling,pseudogene,and microRNA etc.Monozygotic twins is developed from one single zygote and are genetically identical in genomic DNA sequence.From the view of classical genetics,traditional genetic markers such as short tandem repeat and single nucleotide polymorphism can not play important role in discriminating monozygotic twins.So it is very essential to find new genetic markers.Recent achievements made in epigenetics show that there exist striking differences in monozygotic twins and provide a new strategy to discriminate the monozygotic twins.In this paper,the concepts,research contents of epigenetics and its application perspective in discriminating monozygotic twins are reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics