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28 October 2006, Volume 22 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Improved Method of Acute Myocardial Ischemic Rat Model LUO BIN;XIANG LEI;JIANG DONG-HUA;KONG XIAO-PING;ZHANG NENG-PEI;HE YUN;ZHANG BIN;YANG YU;CHENG LING-XI (.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;THE SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL MEDICINE;SUN YAT-SEN UNIVERSITY;GUANGZHOU 000;CHINA;.QILU HOSPITAL; 2006, 0(5): 321-323.  Abstract ( 1756 )   Objective To improve the successful rate of operation and the livability in establishing acute myocardial ischemic rat model. Methods The successful rate of animal experiment is compared between traditional method and improved method. Results The successful rate of improved method was 90%, which was much higher than 30% in successful rate of traditional method. Conclusion The improved method may reduce the difficulty of operation remarkably and cut down the experiment expenditure, which is superior to traditional method. Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic Observation of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential and Pathological Changes of the Brain after Closed Brain Injuries in Rats. WU JING-JIE;LIU MING;YAN HONG-TAO;ZHENG ZHONG;WANG YE;LI BIN;LIAO ZHI-GANG (.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY;WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;. EXPERIMENTAL CENTER OF GUIZ 2006, 0(5): 324-327.  Abstract ( 1822 )   Objective To investigate the dynamic experiences of pathological changes in brain and the injured role of brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) after closed Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (MTBI) in rat. Methods A closed diffuse brain injury model was successfully produced in rat by hit the parietal bone with a spring-droved steel stick. The auditory brainstem response evoked by click at 50 Hz stimulating frequency were recorded at pre-trauma, 15 min and 1,3,6 ,12 h and 1,2,4,7,10,14,21 d after brain injury. The pathological changes of brain were observed under light microscope and the brain edema was detected by wet weight/dry weight rations. Results The Ⅰ-Ⅴ, Ⅲ-Ⅴof BAEP wave inter peak latency (IPL) in MTBI group increased immediately in 15 minutes after injury. The Ⅲ,Ⅴ wave peak latency (PL) and Ⅰ-Ⅴ, Ⅲ-Ⅴwave IPL became longer than the pre-trauma level in 6, 12 h post-injury (P<0.05). The Ⅲ,Ⅴ wave PL and Ⅰ-Ⅲ,Ⅰ-Ⅴ, Ⅲ-Ⅴ wave IPL became longer than the pre-trauma level in 1, 2 d after injury(P<0.001), the BAEP retuned to normal level in 14 d after brain injury. At 15 minutes after injury, the water content in brain increased and met its peak in 1 d, decreased gradually in 4 d, then decreased slowly and returned to normal level in 10 d after injury. Conclusion The regular changes of BAEP could be an objective tool for evaluating hearing dysfunction after closed mild diffuse traumatic brain injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Accuracy of Age Estimation in 14-year-old Females by Two Skeletal Age Standards XU YONG-CHENG;YE LONG-YU;LI KAI;WANG ZHEN-YUAN;KE YONG;ZHANG QIN-CHU (. DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE;XI′AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY;XI′AN 00;CHINA;. XIANGZHONG CENTER OF JUDICIAL IDENTIFICATION IN LOUDI;LOUDI 000;CHI 2006, 0(5): 328-329+.  Abstract ( 1745 )   Objective To study the accurate of Li Guozhen′s Percent Numeration and the Development Standard of Chinese Wrist Bone CHN Numeration of age estimation in 14-year-old females. Methods Fifty-one 14-year-old females from three middle schools in Loudi City in Hunan were selected randomly, whose left wrists were photographed with X-rays under the same condition. Skeletal age was estimated following the two numerations. The two skeletal ages were compared with each other and with chronological age. Results The skeletal age from Percent Numeration and CHN Numeration have no significance difference, P>0.05. And the skeletal ages of the two Numerations have no significance difference either, P>0.05. Conclusion The Percent Numeration and the CHN Numeration are still suited for age estimation in 14-year-old females. Related Articles | Metrics

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Apoptosis in Myocardial Cells after Macleaya Cordata total Alkaloids Poisoning in Rats ZHANG DE-YU;ZHU JIAN-HUA;ZHAO WEI-ZHI;WU MAO-WANG;HU YONG-LIANG;CHENG LI-BAO;LI YONG-HONG (.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;WANNAN MEDICAL COLLEGE;WUHU 00;CHINA;.DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY OF MAGANG HOSPITAL;MA′ANSHAN 00;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 330-332.  Abstract ( 2279 )   Objective To observe pathological changes and apoptosis in rats myocardial cells after Macleaya cordata total alkaloids poisoning, and to provide some references for Macleaya cordata total alkaloids poisoning detection. Methods An experimental model of Macleaya cordata total alkaloids poisoning was established,and the technology of TUNEL staining was used.The results were analyzed by computer image analysis competitive system. Results Quantities of apoptosis in myocardial cells in poisoning groups were much more than those in the control groups at different tages(P<0.01). In addition the quantities of apoptosis were different after different poisoning duration. Conclusion Although clinical symptoms was not obvious and could not be detected by poison analysis.Pathological changes induced by Macleaya cordata total alkaloids could be found through the apoptosis detection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of c-myc Protein on Rats′ Brains after Brain Concussion FANG WEI-HUA;WANG DONG-LIANG;WANG FENG (.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;WANNAN MEDICAL COLLEGE;WUHU 00;CHINA;.POLICE BUREAU OF WUHU;WUHU 00;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 333-334.  Abstract ( 1974 )   Objective To study the changes of expression of c-myc protein on rats′ brains after brain concussion. Methods sixty rats were randomly divided into brain concussion groups and control group. The expression of c-myc protein was microscopically observed by immunohistochemical method. Results No expression of c-myc protein in control group were observed. However, positive expression of c-myc protein in some neurons was seen at 20 min after brain concussion, and reach to the peak at 8h after brain concussion and then decreased gradually. Conclusion These findings suggest that the detection of c-myc protein could be an index of diagnosis of brain concussion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Study for the Methods on Measuring Intracranial Hemorrhage Volume TAN QIU-FENG;YU QIN;GAO SHU-HONG;HUANG FEI-JUN (.WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;. CHENGDU SEVENTH PEOPLE'S HOSPITAL;CHENGDU 00;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 335-337.  Abstract ( 1979 )   Objective To explore a method of measuring intracranial hemorrhage to be applied in clinical forensic science. Methods The accurace of the methods of Tada formula, Stereology and Software boundary to measure intracranial hemorrhage and their practicability were compared. Results The measured results of Stereology and Software boundary are precise, but the irregularity haematoma volume measured by the method of Tada formula has a high error value. Conclusion The method of stereolgy is the best in measuring intracranial hemorrhage for clinical forensic science. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Retrograde Amnesia Changes within Different Injury Levels of Cerebral Concussion in Rats LIU JIAN-XING;YU JIAN-YUN;XU BING-YING;GUO LI-PING;LAN GUANG-MING;ZHAO XU-DONG;FENG ZHONG-TANG (.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;.TEACHING AND RESEARCH SECTION OF BRAIN TRAUMA;.TEACHING AND RESEARCH SECTION OF MENTAL DISEASES;KUNMING 2006, 0(5): 338-341.  Abstract ( 1767 )   Objective To investigate the retrograde amnesia changes within different injury levels of cerebral concussion in rats. Methods A metallic pendulum striker device of brain injury was deployed to duplicate CC models of different injury levels within Stragu-Dawley(S-D) rats. The investigated animals were divided into two groups according to classification standard, that is, Pure Cerebral Concussion (PCC) group and Complicated Cerebral Concussion (CCC) group. One control group was used ,and each group included 8 animals. The retrograde amnesia of each group was assessed by Morris Water Maze (MWM) Test from 3 days preinjury to 7 days postconcussion. Results Compared with the control group, the retrograde amnesia was detected within 3 days in PCC group, and 5 days in CCC group after injury. At the same time, the two groups both manifested space recognition deficit. Conclusion The retrograde amnesia existed in both pure cerebral concussion group and complicated cerebral concussion. Furthermore, the lasting time of retrograde amnesia in animals correlates to the injury level of brain concussion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Objective Assessment Using the Sweep Pattern Visual Evoked Response Acuity(SPVERA) and Illiterate E Visual Acuity LIU RUI-JUE;LIU HAI-YAN (.INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;.THE NINTH PEOPLE′S HOSPITAL;MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 342-345.  Abstract ( 2057 )   Objective To compare the vision objectively assessed by SPVERA with the illiterate E Acuity in normal subjects. Methods The effect of artificially induced image defocusing on visual acuities (Vas) measured by SPVEP and illiterate E chart measurement was studied in 14 normal subjects. SPVEP was recorded using vertical gratings of 8 different spatial frequencies ranging from 0.235 9 to 30.203 2 c/deg. The responses were averaged and displayed through the discrete Fourier transform on the monitor display. SPVERA was determined by extrapolating the PVER amplitude-spatial frequency function to baseline. SPVERA was compared with illiterate E visual acuity measured under the same conditions of optical defocus. Results With moderate defocusing(<+1.0 diopter(D),VA>0.42), the SPVERA were equal to or poorer than the illiterate E visual acuity. With more defocus (>+2.0 diopter (D),VA<0.3),the SPVERA became better than the illiterate E chart Visual Acuity. The correlation between the two acuities was r2=0.919. Conclusion SPVERA and the illiterate E visual acuity correlated to a certain degree. We conclude that the SPVERA is effective in estimating vision objectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Human Age and mtDNA 4977 Deletions in Human Blood Cells LI CHENG-TAO;LI LI;LIU YAN (INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCES;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 346-348.  Abstract ( 2149 )   Objective To study the relationship between human age and mtDNA 4977 deletions in human blood cells. Methods According to Anderson′sequence, two sets of primers were designed. Human mtDNA 4977 deletions in blood samples from 110 healthy human individuals in different age groups were examined by using Real time quantitative PCR. Results The mtDNA 4977 deletions could be observed unless the age was under 23 years old. The older the people were, the easier the deletion could be observed. Conclusion mtDNA 4977 deletions in human blood cells were correlated with human ages in some extent. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 37 Drugs in Whole Blood by HPLC after Solid Phase Extraction LIANG CHEN;ZHANG YU-RONG;JIN QI-YUN;GUO YOU-MEI (.SHANGHAI INSTITUTE OF CRIMINAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;.DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS;SCHOOL OF PHARMACY;FUDAN UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 349-352.  Abstract ( 2128 )   Objective To develop a specific, sensitive, reproducible SPE-HPLC method for the determination of 37 drugs in whole blood. Methods With the doxapram as internal standard, Oasis column was used to extract drugs from whole blood. Two kinds of mobile phases were used in this study. Separations were achieved by a LiChrospher?誖 100 RP-C18 (250 mm×4.0 mm×5 μm)column kept at 50 ℃, the DAD detector was set at 230 nm and 250 nm. Results The limit of detection were 1～30 ng/mL. The method showed excellent linearity and the linear correlation coefficient was≥0.997 98. The relative standard deviation for between-day and within-day assay were <10%. Conclusion The method is effective, simple, reliable and has been used in real cases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of Methamphetamine in Whole Blood by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis after Solid Phase Extraction GONG FEI-JUN;ZHANG RUN-SHENG (SHANGHAI INSTITUTE OF CRIMINAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 353-354.  Abstract ( 1981 )   Objective To develop a specific CZE method for the determination of methamphetamine in whole blood after solid phase extraction. Methods With the doxapram as internal standard, Oasis column was used to extract drugs from whole blood and the sample was analysized by CZE. Results The method showed excellent linearity and the linear correlation coefficient was 0.994. The relative standard deviation for between-day and within-day were 5.31% and 2.22%, respectively. Conclusion The method is effective, simple, reliable and has been used in the determination of methamphetamine in whole blood. Related Articles | Metrics

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Forensic Identification of Floating Shoulder Injury LI SHENG-YAN;HUANG SI-XING;ZHAO XIAO-HONG;ZHENG XING-BIN;ZHU YI (. TRAFFIC DEPARTMENT OF NANCHONG POLICE BUREAU;NANCHONG 000;CHINA;.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;NORTH SICHUAN MEDICAL COLLEGE;NANCHONG 000;CHINA;.TRAFFIC DEPARTMEN 2006, 0(5): 355-358.  Abstract ( 1619 )   Objective To discuss forensic identification of floating shoulder injury(FSI). Methods To analyze fifteen cases of FSI which were accepted from Jan. 1993 to Jan. 2006, including 15 shoulder neck fracture, 13 clavide stem fracture and 2 distal end clavide fracture, the function of shoulder joint was evaluated six months after injure considering the following three aspects: result of forensic examination such as X-ray photograph, CT and MRI, the injurers′ symptom, objective sign and joint function, shoulder joint territory ,degree of pain and local muscle power. Results Basing on the curative effect standard of Herscovic, all cases were divided into good. Modest, worst, which included 2,4,9 cases respectively; referring the standard of GA35-92, GB18667-2002, all cases were divided into six, seven, eight, nine and ten degree, which included 2,9,2,1,1 cases respectively. Conclusion As a special powerful injure, FSI always companied with concurrent and multiple injure, and characterized by missed, incorrect and delayed diagnosis and infelicitous treatment, which lead to the high frequency and degree of injure. To prevent missed and incorrect forensic identification, we should have a full realization of the particularity of FSI, and evaluate the function of shoulder all-sidely, objectively and synseticaly. Related Articles | Metrics

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Legal-medical Analysis of 147 Homicidal Cases ZHANG WEN-LONG;WANG QIN-HUA;SUN CHENG-HUI (.SHANGHAI INSTITUTE OF CRIMINAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;.FENGXIAN BRANCH OF SHANGHAI POLICE SECURITY;SHANGHAI 00;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 359-360.  Abstract ( 2018 )   147 homicidal cases were studied through case status, scene investigation, and postmortem examination. Its characters were then concluded for reference of detection in homicidal scene. Related Articles | Metrics

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Assessment of Criminal Responsibility for Perpetrators of Homicide: Analysis of 105 cases SUN YI;HU JI-NIAN (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY;BEIJING ANKANG HOSPITAL;BEIJING 000;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 361-364.  Abstract ( 1886 )   Objective To explore the main factors that most influence the psychiatrists in the process of assessing the capacity for criminal for perpetrators of homicide. Methods 105 homicide cases were retrospectively analyzed. Results The number of cases for no responsibility, reduced responsibility and full responsibility is 41(39.0%),28(26.7%) and 36(34.3%)respectively. The assessment of capability for criminal responsibility was significantly correlated with three major factors,they are: whether the homicide was driven by psychopathological factors (Gamma=0.906,P=0.000),whether the perpetrator was suffering a severe mental disorders(Gamma=0.761, P=0.000) and, whether the victim is the perpetrator′s family member or relative (Gamma=0.412,P=0.000). Conclusion Forensic psychiatrists take three major aspects into account in their process in assessing capacity for criminal responsibility, in a descending order, they are: was the homicide driven by pathological motivation? Was the perpetrator suffering from a severe mental disorder? Was the victim a family member or stranger? Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Contribute Degree in Forensic Mental Trauma Assessments XING XUE-YI (FADA INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND SCIENCE;CHINA UNIVERSITY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND LAW;BEIJING 0000;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 365-366+.  Abstract ( 1954 )   It is very difficult to identify the relationships between tangle events and accompanied mental disorders. There are often different descriptions of the same controversial conclusion. This thesis introduce the conception of contribute degree and discusses the causality of tangle events and accompanied mental disorders in forensic mental trauma assessments. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of Papaver Somniferum Cultivars Identification by TD-RAPD Technique LU FAN;HONG JUN-YAN;HE RUI;LI LI-SHA (. YUNNAN CRIMINAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE;KUNMING 00;CHINA;. KM BIOLINK CO.;LTD;KUNMING 0;CHINA;. XISHUANGBANNA REGION CRIMINAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE;JINGHONG 00;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 367-369.  Abstract ( 1974 )   Objective The feasibility of Papaver somniferum L. cultivars identification was explored by TD-RAPD technique. Method Genomic DNA was extracted by improved CTAB method. One sample of species from Papaver somniferum L in xishuangbanna area. was studied by using TD-RAPD method. Result We established an optimal method of extracting genomic DNA. Six primers were picked out from 10 primers. Conclusion TD-RAPD could be applied to researches of molecular marker of Papaver somniferum L. TD-RAPD technique provide a method to constitute DNA database of Papaver somniferum L. and conclude the source of opium poppy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Peripheral Nerve Injury and Male Sexual Dysfunction RUAN YI-SHENG;ZHU GUANG-YOU;SHEN YAN (.DEPARTMENT OF PRECLINICAL MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SUZHOU UNIVERSITY;SUZHOU;CHINA;.INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCES;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R. CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 370-373+.  Abstract ( 2061 )   The genital organ is innervated by autonomic and somatic nerve. The former is both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve and the later is comprised by sensory and motor fibers. The symptoms of male sexual dysfunction are sexopathy, erectile dysfunction, disorder of ejaculation and orgasm, and pianism .Not only different symptom but the same symptom can be induced by different injured nerve. The relationship between peripheral nerve injury and male sexual dysfunction should be understood correctly. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Event-related Potentials and Brain Injury LIU YU-QING;ZHANG LING-LI;ZHAO XIAO-HONG (DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;TONGJI MEDICAL COLLEGE;HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;WUHAN 000;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 374-377.  Abstract ( 1933 )   Event-related potentials (ERPs) develop promptly as one kind of special evoked potentials. And it is one of the most effective methods to investigate human′s cognition function in these years. P300 is the component of ERPs which is widely and maturately researched and has intimate relation with attention, memory and other high psychological activity. The evaluation of recognition change after brain injury is the focus of the research. With the development of relatively research, it is deemed that this technique has wide application perspective in many aspects such as forensic clinical medicine and forensic psychiatry. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Application of Radiological Imaging in the Forensic Pathology about Cervical Part XIE YING;YI XU-FU;CHENG XIAO-GANG;ZHOU XIAO-RONG;CUI LI-JUAN;LIN XIA;WANG QING (. WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;.NORTH SICHUAN MEDICAL COLLEGE;NANCONG 00;CHINA;.PI 2006, 0(5): 378-380+.  Abstract ( 1756 )   Multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful to analyze cervical injury. Especially in injury of skeleton and soft tissue, it has equal value with conventional autopsy. Even they can reparation some shortcoming consisted in the cervical part autopsy. In some difficult postmortem examination of decomposed, charred or highly infectious cadavers and in some religion country, they should be a useful alternative way to examine injury in cervical part of cadaver such as mechanical asphyxia, whiplash injury, vertebra injury, or vascular injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Evolvement of Postmortem Diagnosis of Early Myocardial Infarction in Forensic Pathology HE KE;LU JI-PING;ZHU XIN-JU;WANG ZHEN-YUAN (.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;MEDICAL COLLEGE;XI′AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY;XIAN 00;CHINA;.KAIFENG JINMING PEOPLE′S PROCURATORATE;KAIFENG 00;CHINA) 2006, 0(5): 381-384.  Abstract ( 2083 )   The cardiac sudden death occupies primacy among the cause of death in adult. Myocardial infarction is one of the main mechanisms of sudden death of coronary heart disease. Because of early myocardial infarction happened abruptly and might die in a short time, and the typical or special changes in morphology is absent, so it is the focus of medico legal research forensic fulfill all long. This paper reviewed the characters of myocardial infarction, applications and limits in forensic fields, and prospected feasibility of new clinical markers in forensic practice, and expected to enhance accuracy of postmortem diagnosis in MI. Related Articles | Metrics