法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 702-708.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2021.411008

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于运动捕捉的持刀砍击距离和砍击所需空间的特征分析

袁书芳1(), 李上校1, 杨超朋2, 倪彬3, 郭文霞4, 石屹2, 王冬梅3, 潘嘉慧1, 王明直2(), 郝卫亚1()   

  1. 1.国家体育总局体育科学研究所，北京 100061
    2.公安部鉴定中心，北京 100038
    3.北京体育大学，北京 100084
    4.北京化工大学，北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-09 发布日期:2022-12-25 出版日期:2022-12-28
  • 通讯作者: 王明直,郝卫亚
  • 作者简介:王明直，男，研究员，主要从事现场调查和分析重建研究；E-mail：wang2008mingzhi@163.com
    郝卫亚，男，博士，研究员，主要从事生物力学研究；E-mail：haoweiya@ciss.cn
    袁书芳（1993—），女，硕士，主要从事运动生物力学研究；E-mail：m13161579565@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC080380205)

Characteristics of the Distance and Space Required for Knife Slashing Using a Motion Capture System

Shu-fang YUAN1(), Shang-xiao LI1, Chao-peng YANG2, Bin NI3, Wen-xia GUO4, Yi SHI2, Dong-mei WANG3, Jia-hui PAN1, Ming-zhi WANG2(), Wei-ya HAO1()   

  1. 1.China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing 100061, China
    2.Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China
    3.Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
    4.Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2021-10-09 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2022-12-28
  • Contact: Ming-zhi WANG,Wei-ya HAO

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摘要：

目的 探究作案人性别、被害人体位、砍击部位及人体测量参数与砍击距离和砍击所需空间之间的关系，为判断案发现场与作案活动空间是否相符提供依据。 方法 采用三维运动捕捉系统采集男女性各12名受试者持厨刀砍击站立位和仰卧位假人颈部、站立位假人胸部的运动学数据，分别使用两因素重复测量方差分析和Pearson相关分析确定作案人性别-被害人体位和作案人性别-砍击部位以及人体测量参数与砍击距离和砍击所需空间的关系。 结果 砍击站立位假人颈部的砍击距离绝对值（L）和相对值（l）大于砍击仰卧位假人颈部，持刀侧垂直距离绝对值（LVR）和相对值（lVR）小于砍击仰卧位假人颈部。砍击站立位假人胸部的L和l大于砍击站立位假人颈部，LVR和lVR小于砍击站立位假人颈部。男性持刀侧水平距离绝对值（LHR）和相对值（lHR）大于女性。砍击站立位假人时，身高和臂长与L、LHR和LVR呈正相关。 结论 砍击仰卧位被害人颈部或站立位被害人颈部时，砍击距离较小，砍击高度较大。此外，砍击距离和砍击所需空间与人体测量参数相关。

关键词: 法医学, 砍击, 运动捕捉, 假人模型, 体位, 砍击距离, 砍击所需空间

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between the perpetrator’s sex, victim’s position and slashing location as well as anthropometric parameters on distance and space required for slashing, to provide the theoretical basis for the judgment of whether the crime scene was consistent with the criminal activity space. Methods The kinematics data of 12 male and 12 female subjects slashing the neck of standing and supine mannequins as well as the chest of the standing mannequins with a kitchen knife were obtained by using a 3D motion capture system. The relationship between the perpetrator’s sex-victim’s position, the perpetrator’s sex-slashing location, and anthropometric parameters and the distance and space required for the slashing were analyzed by two-factor repeated measures ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis respectively. Results Compared with slashing the neck of supine mannequins, the distance （L） and normalized L （l） of slashing the neck of standing mannequins were greater, while vertical distance （LVR） and normalized LVR （lVR） of the knife side were smaller. Compared with slashing the neck of standing mannequins, the L and l slashing the chest of standing mannequins were greater, while LVR and lVR were smaller. Horizontal distance （LHR） and normalized LHR （lHR） of the knife side in males were greater than that in females. Height and arm length were positively correlated with L, LHR, and LVR when striking the standing mannequins. Conclusion When slashing the neck of supine or standing victims, the slashing distance is shorter and the slashing height is greater. Furthermore, the distance and space required for slashing are correlate with anthropometric parameters.

Key words: forensic medicine, slashing, motion capture, mannequin, body position, slashing distance, space required for slashing

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