法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2005, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4): 290-293.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

氯胺酮滥用的毛发分析研究

向平,沈敏,沈保华,卜俊,刘晓茜,姜宴,卓先义   

  1. 复旦大学上海医学院,司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所,司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所,司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所,复旦大学上海医学院,复旦大学上海医学院,司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所 上海200032;司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所,上海200063 ,上海200063 ,上海200063 ,上海200063 ,上海200032 ,上海200032 ,上海200063
  • 发布日期:2005-08-25 出版日期:2005-08-28

Analysis of Ketamine in Hair

XIANG PING1,2, SHEN MIN2, SHEN BAO-HUA2, ET AL. (1.SHANGHAI MEDICAL COLLEGE, FUDAN UNIVERSITY, SHANGHAI 200032,CHINA; 2. INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, MINISTRY OF JUSTICE, P.R.CHINA, SHANGHAI 200063,CHINA)   

  • Online:2005-08-25 Published:2005-08-28

摘要： 目的建立毛发中氯胺酮及其代谢物的分析方法并探索氯胺酮进入毛发的机理。方法通过建立豚鼠连续给药(不同剂量)实验模型获取阳性头发和采集氯胺酮滥用者头发,经处理后用GC/MSscan和SIM法分析,以鉴别、确认毛发中氯胺酮及其代谢物。结果豚鼠毛发中氯胺酮的质量分数与给药剂量存在明显的正相关性。毛发中氯胺酮质量分数依白色、棕色、黑色毛发顺序随毛发中黑色素的质量分数增加而增加。豚鼠毛发中氯胺酮与代谢物NK质量分数之比为2.33～12.94,仅在高剂量组的豚鼠毛发中才检测到DHNK,其质量分数与NK接近。15名氯胺酮滥用者黑色头发中均检出原体和代谢物NK,但DHNK少见。豚鼠毛发中代谢物相对质量分数明显高于人。结论本实验结果很好地反映了药物进入毛发代谢过程与药物和黑色素亲和力以及药物的亲脂性密切相关这一规律,但人和动物在药物代谢及进入毛发的难易程度上存在差异。本方法可以用于法庭毒物分析领域头发中氯胺酮的检测。

关键词: 氯胺酮, 代谢物, 剂量, 毛发, 颜色

Abstract: Objective A rapid and sensitive method was developed for the simultaneous identification and quantitation of ketamine and its two major metabolites , norketamine(NK) and dehydronorketamine(DHNK) in hair. The characteristics of K incorporation into the hair was elucidated. Methods Cavies were administrated intraperitoneally according to high, medium and low doses and hair segments with different colors were shaved. Human hair samples were collected from K abusers in the entertainment places. After decontamination, incubated and extracted, drugs were analyzed by GC/MS-SIM. Results There was an obvious correlation between the concentration of ketamine in experimental cavy hair and the dosege. The concentration of ketamine in hair increased with the melanin amount in hair in the order of white, brown and black. DHNK was only detected in high dose cavy hair; the ratio of ketamine to NK was between 2.33 to 12.94. Ketamine and NK were present in all the black hair samples, but DHNK was not detected. The concentration of metabolites in cavy hair was significantly higher than that of human. Conclusion Our results suggest that there is a close correlation between the affinity of drug to melanin in hair and the lipophilicity of the drug. However, there is a difference in drug metabolism and the difficulty in drug incorporating into hair between human and animal. This method can be used in the analysis of ketamine in hair in forensic toxicology.

Key words: ketamine, metabolites, doses, hair, colors