法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 453-460.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.04.004

所属专题： 环境损害司法鉴定

• 专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

电子垃圾拆解区多溴联苯醚暴露对人体的影响

周燕1，2， 吕少敏3， 肖建鹏1， 刘涛1， 马文军1， 郭凌川1   

  1. 1. 广东省疾病预防控制中心 广东省公共卫生研究院，广东 广州 511430； 2. 南方医科大学公共卫生学院，广东 广州 510515； 3. 广州市血液中心，广东 广州 510095
  • 发布日期:2020-08-25 出版日期:2020-08-28
  • 通讯作者: 郭凌川，男，副研究员，硕士研究生导师，主要从事环境与健康研究；E-mail：glcbzbs@126.com
  • 作者简介:周燕（1991—），女，硕士研究生，主要从事环境与健康研究；E-mail：1356385806@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上资助项目（81874276）；广州市科技计划资助项目（201707010476）；上海市2017年度“科技创新行动计划”技术标准资助项目（17DZ2200700）

Effects of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers on the Human Body Exposure in E-Waste Dismantling Region

ZHOU Yan1,2, LÜ Shao-min3, XIAO Jian-peng1, LIU Tao1, MA Wen-jun1, GUO Ling-chuan1   

  1. 1. Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China; 2. School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; 3. Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou 510095, China
  • Online:2020-08-25 Published:2020-08-28

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摘要： 目的 探讨电子垃圾拆解区多溴联苯醚（polybrominated diphenyl ethers，PBDEs）暴露对人体的影响，为电子垃圾拆解区居民环境健康损害鉴定提供数据支持。 方法 选择电子垃圾拆解区成人（暴露组，54例）和对照区成人（对照组，58例）开展问卷调查和血样、尿样采集，对血PBDEs、血脂、血常规、血铅、尿镉、尿铬、尿镍进行检测。采用t检验比较两组人群PBDEs的差异，多因素分析比较两组人群血常规指标的差异，线性回归分析PBDEs和血常规间的关联。 结果 暴露组人群的PBDEs暴露水平（240.00 ng/g，血脂校正后质量分数，以每克血脂计）远高于对照组（93.00 ng/g，P<0.05）。暴露组和对照组人群大部分血常规指标差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），且都在正常参考值范围内。暴露组血小板平均体积、血小板比积、嗜碱性粒细胞百分比、嗜碱性粒细胞绝对值、平均红细胞血红蛋白质量浓度高于对照组（P<0.05），暴露组血小板分布宽度低于对照组且低于正常参考值范围（P<0.05）。 结论 电子垃圾拆解区PBDEs暴露倾向于改变血小板形态、嗜碱性粒细胞数量和平均红细胞血红蛋白质量浓度，可能给当地居民带来潜在健康威胁。

关键词: 法医毒理学, 环境暴露, 环境污染, 多溴联苯醚, 电子垃圾

Abstract: Objective To discuss the effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） exposure in e-waste dismantling region on the human body and provide data support for the identification of environmental health damage to residents in the e-waste dismantling region. Methods Adults in an e-waste dismantling region （exposed group, 54 participants） and a control region （control group, 58 participants） were selected, questionnaires were carried out and blood and urine samples were collected. Blood PBDEs, blood lipids, blood routine, blood lead, urine cadmium, urine chromium and urine nickel were detected. T-test was utilized to compare the differences of PBDEs between the two groups. Multivariate analysis were utilized to compare the differences between the two groups in blood routine indexes. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between PBDEs and blood routine. Results Exposure levels of PBDEs were significantly higher in the exposed group （240.00 ng/g, adjusted mass fraction of blood lipids, thereafter） than in the control group （93.00 ng/g, P<0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the differences in most blood routine indexes of the two groups （P>0.05）, and their reference values were all within normal ranges. Mean platelet volume, plateletcrit, basophils percentage, absolute value of basophils, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were higher in the exposed group than in the control group （P<0.05）. Platelet distribution widths were lower in the exposed group than in the control group and below the normal reference range （P<0.05）. Conclusion PBDEs exposure in e-waste dismantling region tend to change platelet morphology, the number of basophils, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and may pose potential health hazards to local residents.

Key words: forensic toxicology, environmental exposure, environmental pollution, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, e-waste