法医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 224-231.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.360403

• 技术与应用法医学科技成果转化专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

便携式质谱系统在现场快速检测中的应用

张云峰1,2(), 刘新玮2, 董林沛1, 吴小军1, 赵鹏1, 冉婧3   

  1. 1.公安部物证鉴定中心,北京 100038
    2.清华大学精密仪器系,北京 100084
    3.北京清谱科技有限公司,北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-19 发布日期:2026-09-09 出版日期:2026-06-25
  • 作者简介:张云峰(1983—),女,硕士,主要从事法医毒物分析工作;E-mail:17020395@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    “十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3303903)

Application of Portable Mass Spectrometry System in On-site Rapid Detection

Yunfeng ZHANG1,2(), Xinwei LIU2, Linpei DONG1, Xiaojun WU1, Peng ZHAO1, Jing RAN3   

  1. 1.Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China
    2.Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    3.PURSPEC Technologies Inc. , Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2026-04-19 Online:2026-09-09 Published:2026-06-25

摘要:

公共安全领域对食品安全、毒物、毒品、危化品及爆炸物等现场快速检测需求迫切。传统实验室检测技术虽分析精度高,但检测周期长、设备体积大、操作复杂,难以满足突发事件现场快速检测需求。针对此需求,本文基于自主研制的mini π便携式质谱仪,系统阐述其技术原理与性能特点,剖析仪器检测灵敏度与基层应用的适配机制,探讨其在食品安全检测、禁毒缉私、毒物快速筛查以及爆炸物现场排查等重大突发事件中的应用策略并构建标准化培训体系。便携式质谱系统已具备量产、商用与规模化推广条件,可快速下沉至基层一线检测市场,突破了传统质谱技术对实验室环境的依赖性,在现场快速检测中具有高灵敏度和高特异性,为禁毒、危化品管控及物证快速鉴定等复杂场景的规模化、规范化应用提供理论与实践参考。

关键词: 法医学, 科技成果转化, 公共安全, 便携式质谱系统, 现场快速检测

Abstract:

Public security faces pressing needs for on-site rapid detection in areas such as food safety, toxic substances, illegal drugs, hazardous materials, and explosives. Although traditional laboratory detection technologies provide high accuracy, the long detection cycles, the large equipment size, and the complex operation procedures make them unsuitable for rapid response at emergency scenes. To address this technical bottleneck, this paper systematically describes the technical principles and performance characteristics of self-developed mini π portable mass spectrometers, analyzes the adaptation mechanism between detection sensitivity and on-site applications, explores application strategies in major emergency scenarios including food safety, drug control, anti-smuggling operations, forensic toxicology identification, and on-site explosive detection, and establishes a standardized training system. The portable mass spectrometry system is ready for mass production, commercialization, and large-scale promotion, enabling rapid deployment to grassroots frontline testing markets. The instrument overcomes the dependence of conventional mass spectrometry technologies on laboratory environments and demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity in rapid on-site testing, and provides theoretical and practical foundations for the large‑scale and standardized application of rapid detection technologies in complex scenarios such as drug control, hazardous materials management, and rapid identification of physical evidence.

Key words: forensic medicine, technology transfer, public safety, portable mass spectrometry system, on-site rapid detection

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