Abstract: Mild traumatic brain injury （mTBI） is a common type of brain disorders among young adults. The dysfunction of the brain is often exacerbated due to diffuse axonal injury（DAI） which based on the injury of white matter fibers and axons. Since mild and moderate brain injury or DAI are diffuse and subtle, conventional CT and MRI are difficult to make a positive diagnosis. Recent clinical study indicated that functional magnetic resonance imaging has a high detection rate in the diagnosis of acute mild and moderate brain injury, especially the diffusion tensor imaging（DTI） and 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy （¹H-MRS）. This paper has reviewed the principles and characteristics of DTI and ¹H-MRS, and recent research in the clinical and animal experiments on brain injury.

Key words: forensic medicine, brain injuries, review[publication type], diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy