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28 April 2007, Volume 23 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Expression of Calpain 1 and Calpain 2 during the Skin Incised Wound Healing in Mice ZHANG WEI;GUAN DA-WEI;ZHAO RUI;ZHANG JIAN-JUN(.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY;CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;SHENYANG 000;CHINA;.SHENYANG PUBLIC SECURITY BUREAU;SHENYANG 000;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 81-83+7.  Abstract ( 1805 )   Objective To investigate the expressions of calpain1 and calpain2 during the skin incised wound healing in mice.Methods Expression of calpain1 and calpain2 was evaluated by immunohistochemical method.Results Both calpain1 and calpain2 were expressed in the skin cells in the control groups.The calpain1 positive cells were remarkably increased and reached the maximal level in day 1 after skin incised wound,decreased after day 3,markedly increased again in day 5,and then gradually decreased from day 7 to 14;the calpain2 positive cells were significantly increased in day 1 and decreased to the minimum in day 3,markedly increased again in day 5,and then gradually decreased from day 7 to 10.Conclusion The changes of calpain1 and calpain2 expressions appear to be bimodal after incised wound of skin in mice. Related Articles | Metrics

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Postmortem Changes of Liver Phosphofructokinase-2 Level in Rats Following Different Causes of Death JIN JU;LI BIN;JIAO BAI-GUANG;FU JIA;HUANG HONG;SONG YU;PENG QI-YI;LIAO ZHI-GANG(.WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;.SICHUAN HUADA JUDICAL EXPERT INSTITUTE;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;.HOSPITA 2007, 0(2): 84-85+8.  Abstract ( 1631 )   Objective To study the changes of liver phosphofructokinase-2(PFK-2) level at different postmortem intervals as well as due to different causes of death.Methods One hundred and five rats were randomly divided into 3 groups and the rats were sacrificed by either bleeding,suffocating,and neck breaking,respectively.The content of liver PFK-2 at 0,1,2,4,8,12 and 24 hours following death were studied using immunohistochemishtry and image analysis.Results PFK-2 content of the rat's liver in all 3 groups showed a linear decrease at different postmortem intervals with no significant statistical differences found between the different groups.Conclusion PFK-2 level in rat liver appears to decrease linearly in correlation with prolonged PMI. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expressions of GABA and GABA_AR-α1 in the Brain of Rats Poisoned by Tetramine TAO TAO;CHEN WEI-JIE;PAN HONG-FU;LI BIN;LIAO ZHI-GANG(.WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;.LAW SCHOOL;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;.BUREAU OF PUBLIC SECURITY;YUYAO 00;C 2007, 0(2): 86-89+1.  Abstract ( 1771 )   Objective Expressions of GABA and GABAAR-α1 in the brain of rats poisoned by Tetramine were analyzed to explore the intoxication mechanism.Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into control,sham poisoned,high-dose poisoned(1.0 mg/kg tetramine) and low-dose poisoned(0.1 mg/kg) groups.The expressions of GABA and GABAAR-α1 in the brain of the poisoned rats were detected and analyzed by immunohistochemistry and imaging analyzer.Results The expressions of both GABA and GABAAR-α1 were diffusely seen in the brains of the control and shame poisoned rat groups with a moderate expression level,whereas the expressions of both GABA and GABAAR-α1 were decreased in the brains of the high-dose poisoned group.In the low-dose poisoned rat group,the expression of GABA initially decreased and reached its lowest level 6 hours after poisoning,and then started to show an increase and reached the level of control groups at day 3.The expressions level reached its peak at days 5-7 after poisoning and remained above the level of control groups till 10 days after poisoning.Similarly,the expression of GABAAR-α1 in the brains of the low-dose poisoned group initially decreased and reached its lowest level 6-12 hrs after poisoning,and then started to increase and reached the level of control groups at days 7-10 after poisoning,respectively.Conclusion The expression of both GABA and GABAAR-α1 decreased in the brains of the high-dose poisoned rat group and these changes of GABA and GABAAR-α1 expressions may be associated with underlying mechanism of tetramine poisoning. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship Between the Degradation of Myoglobin and Postmortem Interval BIAN JIE;SHEN YI-WEN;ZHAO ZI-QIN(SHANGHAI MEDICAL COLLEGE OF FUDAN UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 90-91.  Abstract ( 1900 )   Objective To observe the degradation of myoglobin in skeletal and cardiac muscles after death and to explore its usefulness in estimation of postmortem interval.Methods Human skeletal and cardiac muscles were collected at 0,4,8,12,24,36,48,60,and 72 hours after death and stored at 25 ℃.The protein was extracted and examined and analyzed by Western blot and imaging technique.Results Myoglobin showed a continuously postmortem degradation in both skeletal and cardiac muscles.There was no observed difference in degradation between the two tissues.Conclusion Changes in myoglobin degradation could be a useful parameter for estimation of the postmortem interval. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Correlation Between the DNA Content in Human Thyroid Follicular Epithelial Cells and the Postmortem Interval REN GUANG-MU;JING CAI-LIANG;LIU JI;WANG YA-FANG;WANG YING-YUAN(SCHOOL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANXI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;TAIYUAN 0000;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 92-93+9.  Abstract ( 1978 )   Objective To study the relationship between the DNA content in follicular epithelial cells of the human thyroid and postmortem interval(PMI) .Methods Changes of the DNA content in thyroid follicular epithelial cells at different PMI were determined by Methyl Green-Pyronin(MGP) stain combined with an image analysis technique.Results The average DNA content in the thyroid follicular epithelial continued to decrease with increased PMI.The coefficient of determination for DNA content with average gray,aimed area,aimed area ratio and positive index in follicular epithelial cells were 0.960,0.987,0.988 and 0.990,respectively.Conclusion There is an apparent correlation between the average DNA content of follicular epithelial cells and the PMI.MGP stain combined with an image analysis technique seems to be a useful means to study the degradation of DNA in thyroid follicular epithelial cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of EDA-fibronectin in Injured Human Skin Fibroblast and its Potential Application in Estimation of Wound Healing HE MENG;YU SONG;XUE AI-MIN;SHEN YI-WEN;CHEN LONG;GU YUN-JU;ZHAO ZI-QIN(DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANGHAI MEDICAL COLLAGE;FUDAN UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 94-96+1.  Abstract ( 2195 )   Objetive To study the expression of EDA-FN variant in injured human skin fibroblast and its relation to wound healing.Methods Human skin fibroblast cells were separated from human skin and cultured and monoclonal antibody to fibronectin [IST-9] was applied to amplify target segments.Results Trace amount of EDA-FN was detected in the culture cells.The expression was increased within 8 hours after the injury.Conclusions The expression of EDA-FN would be an ideal marker for estimation of wound healing Related Articles | Metrics

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TW Systems in Estimation of Carpal Bone Age and Their Potential Applications in Diagnosis of Idiopathic Precocious Puberty in Chinese Girls NING GANG;QU HAI-BO;LIU GUAN-JIAN;WU KANG-MIN;XIE SHU-XIANG;CHEN XI-JIAN(.THE ND WEST CHINA HOSPITAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;.DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 97-100.  Abstract ( 1963 )   Objective To compare three assessment methods(TW2,TW2CH,and TW3) for carpal bone age and their potential applications in diagnosis of idiopathic precocious puberty(IPP) in Chinese girls.Methods Fifty-five(55) girls with IPP and 83 normal girls as control group were selected in this study.The X-ray films of the left hand-wrist taken at their first visit were analyzed retrospectively.Three assessment methods were used to estimate the carpal bone age with single-blinded method and percentiles were set at 5 different decision thresholds(1) >97th percentile,(2) >90 th percentile,(3) >75th percentile,(4) >50 th percentile,and(5) ≤50 th percentile.Results All of the three methods showed similar high sensitivity and specificity at the threshold above 90th percentile.Conclusion Our data indicate that all of the three methods for estimation of the carpal bone age are useful in diagnosis of IPP.TW2CH and TW3 methods appear to be superior to TW2 method. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on Characteristics of the Criminals with Alcohol-related Offence in Forensic Psychiatry ZHANG DONG-JUN;LIN YONG;MAO YUAN-YI;HU ZE-QING;(.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY;WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;.MENTAL HEALTH CENTER OF WEST CHINA HOSPITAL;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGD 2007, 0(2): 101-104.  Abstract ( 1743 )   Objective To explore the criminal characteristics of alcohol-related offence in forensic psychiatric practice.Methods Ninety cases were collected according to our research criteria and were divided into two groups,ordinary drinking(OD) (63 cases) and chronic alcoholic(CA) (27 cases) .Descriptive and comparative studies were conducted between the two groups.Results 54.0% OD group had induced incident compare with 22.2% CA group;58.7% of OD group had a motive while 55.6% of CA group were with no clear motive;66.6% of OD group had a chosen target,51.8% of CA group with no clear target;19.0% of OD group chose criminal time while only 3.7% of CA group did;61.9% of OD took certain anti-detection means while 59.3% of CA group stayed at the scene.98.4% of OD group was found guilty and only 3.7% of CA was found guilty.Conclusion OD group tends to have induced events,criminal motive,often are found to be guilty;CA group tends to be older,lacks awareness of self-protection during and after committing the crime,and usually is found not guilty or only partially responsible. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Intelligence in Criminals with no Psychosis Diagnosed with Forensic Psychiatry HU JUN-MEI;LI YAN;HUO KE-JUN;LIU XIE-HE(DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY;WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 105-107.  Abstract ( 1860 )   Objective To study the intelligence of criminals with no psychosis diagnosed with forensic psychiatry.Methods The intelligence test results in 88 criminal cases with no psychosis and in 89 criminal cases with schizophrenia were compared.Results There were no significant statistical differences between two groups with respect to their sex,age,education,occupation,marital status,and criminal type.The average intelligence quotient(IQ) of no psychosis group was significantly higher than that of the schizophrenic group,but was significantly lower than the normal.There was no significant statistical difference between the subgroups claiming as either suffering or denying psychosis.Conclusion There is a mild impairment in the intelligence in no psychosis group. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between P300 and Intelligence Quotient in Severe Head Injury Patients LIU YU-QING;ZHANG LING-LI;ZHAO XIAO-HONG;LIU ZI-LONG;MEI ZENG-HUI(DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;TONGJI MEDICAL COLLEGE OF HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;WUHAN 000;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 108-109+.  Abstract ( 1956 )   Objective To explore the change of brain cognition function in severe head injury and the correlation between P300 in event-related potential(ERP) and intelligence quotient(IQ) .Methods Auditory P300 was measured and intelligence quotient was tested by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Revised in China(WAIS-RC) in 40 severe head injury patients.Auditory P300 was measured in 40 normal healthy people as control group.Results The latencies of P300 in severe head injury patients group were longer than in control group.There was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.01) .There were significant negative correlations between P300 latency and VIQ and FIQ respectively(r=-0.335,-0.344,P<0.05) .Conclusion ERP might be taken as an objective index for measuring the change of the brain cognition function in patients with severe head injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation on Social Function in Cases Involving Sexual Assault of Patients with Mental Retardation WANG BIN;LI BAO-HUA;HU JUN-MEI;(.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY;WEST CHINA SCHOOL OF PRECLINICAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA;.MENTAL HEALTH CENTER OF WEST CHINA HOSPITAL;SICHUAN UNIVERSITY;CHENGDU 00;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 110-113.  Abstract ( 1678 )   Objective To explore social function in assessment of self-defense capability of patients with mental retardation against sexual assault.Methods The data of 125 sexual assault victims with mental retardation were collected according to our forensic psychiatry assessment criteria.Mental retardation was rated with WAIS-RC,GAF,and the rating scale of the intelligence disability.Results There were significant differences in occupation,marital status,education,knowledge about sex,and history of pregnancy among the patients with different levels of self-defense capability.The kappa values of the rating scale score of the intelligence disability,GAF,and IQ were 0.710,0.661,and 0.494;the kappa values of that and self-defense capability were 0.538,0.472,and 0.316 respectively.Conclusion The level of social function is very important in the assessment of self-defense capability in patients with mental retardation. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Assessment of Criminal Responsibility of Schizophrenic Rape Offenders LIU KAI-CHENG;YE SAN-CHUAN;ZHANG QIN-TING;CAI WEI-XIONG(.XIANYUE HOSPITAL OF XIAMEN;XIAMEN 0;CHINA;.INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 114-116.  Abstract ( 2048 )   Objective To explore potential application of Diminished Criminal Responsibility Rating Scale(DCRRS) on rape offenders.Methods The DCRRS was used retrospectively to study 77 cases of rape offenders.They were divided into three groups according to the degree of diminished criminal responsibility.Results There were significant differences in rating scores among three groups(mild group 21.32±5.56,moderate group 25.92±5.19,and major group 29.54±4.62) ,and 16 of 18 items showed good correlation with the total scores of the scale(r=0.256 to 0.611) ,7 factors were extracted by the factor analysis and their cumulative squared loadings was 75.784%.Conclusion The DCRRS is valid and reliable in a in assessment of criminal responsibility schizophrenic rape offenders. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research of on the Stability of Ethanol in Preservation of Ethanol in Blood MA DONG;ZHUO XIAN-YI;BU JUN;XIANG PING;SHEN BAO-HUA(INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCES;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 117-119.  Abstract ( 2330 )   Objective To focus on the main factors that may influence the stability of ethanol in blood then try to establish the best conditions for preserving ethanol in blood.Methods Four crucial parameters,including temperature(-20,4,20 ℃) ,preservative(NaF,No preservative,Na2O2) ,percentage of air chamber in container(0%,25%,50%) ,and ethanol concentration in blood(0.2,0.8,2.0 mg/mL) were investigated.Blood samples were stored under different conditions designed by orthogonal design L9(34) method.Quantification of ethanol in blood was carried out by headspace gas chromatography with FID detector.The results were statistically evaluated by analysis of variance.Result Significant changes of ethanol concentrations were observed in the samples stored in 20 ℃ without any reserveative,while there were no obvious changes in the samples under other storage conditions.Conclusion The best condition for keeping ethanol in blood stable is 4 ℃ with preservative and with 50% of air chamber in container.The temperature is main effective factor in the four factors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Detection of γ-Hydroxybutyrate(GHB) in Beverages LIU WEI;SHEN MIN;XIANG PING;BU JUN;WU HE-JIAN(INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCES;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 120-122+.  Abstract ( 2227 )   Objective To establish an analytical method for the determination of GHB in beverages using GC/MS and LC/MS/MS.Methods After beverage samples with GHB-d6 as the internal standard were extracted with ethyl acetate,then the extracts were derivatized with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide(BSTFA) ,at last the derivateized extracts analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.After beverage samples with GHB-d6 as the internal standard were diluted by mobile phase then directly analyzed by LC/MS/MS.Results The limit of detection was 0.2 μg/mL and both relative standard deviations for between-day and within-day assays were < 8.54% in GC/MS.The limit of detection was 2 μg/mL and both relative standard deviations for between-day and within-day assays were <8.62% in LC/MS/MS.Conclusion These methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis were found to be sensitive,accurate,rapid and suitable for the forensic toxicology to test of GHB in real cases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Sequence-length Polymorphism Research of C-stretch in Mitochondrial DNA Hyper-variant Region TUO YA;LIU QING-BO;LI SHENG-BIN;(.THE NATIONAL LABORATORY OF THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH FOR FORENSIC;COLLEGE OF MEDICINE;XI'AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY;XI'AN 00;CHINA;.KEY LABORATORY OF ENVIRONMENT AND GENES RELATED TO DISEASES OF XI'AN JIAOTONG UNIV 2007, 0(2): 123-126.  Abstract ( 1900 )   Objective To investigate the polymorphism of C-stretch in mitochondrial DNA hyper-variant region and the values in forensic science.Methods The gene frequency were detected in such two loci of nt16180 and nt310 by using PCR-sequencing technique with two pair of primers according to the reference.Results The length of PCR products were 807 bp and 962 bp respectively.Seven genotypes in each locus were detected.AAAACCCCCTCCCC allele amounted to 87.72% of all nt16180 genotype,while AAAACCCCCCCCCCCCC was firstly reported in Han population.CCCCCCCCTCCCCCC allele amounted to 60.53% of all nt310 genotype.15 haplotypes were detected among 114 samples.The GD value was 0.630 9.The AAAACCCCCTCCCC-CCCCCCCCTCCCCCC haplotype was the most high frequency and amounted to 57.89%.Conclusion The obtained basic genetic data in two loci of nt16180 and nt310 of mtDNA will be useful for forensic science. Related Articles | Metrics

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Detecting ABO Blood Type of Bloodstain with Fluorescent Antibody Method WANG RUI-HENG;YAN LI-QIANG;YU WEI-JIAN;LIU XIAO-WEI;QU SHU-XIAN(.LAW SCHOOL OF LIAONING NORMAL UNIVERSITY;DALIAN 0;CHINA;.LIAONING POLICE ACADEMY;DALIAN 0;CHINA;.DALIAN RED CROSS BLOOD CENTER;DALIAN 00;CHINA;.FIRST HOSPITAL DALIAN M 2007, 0(2): 127-129+.  Abstract ( 1791 )   Objective To explore the advantage and feasibility of fluorescent antibody method for detection of blood type in biological material.Methods According to theory of specific binding of antigen and antibody,at first the anti-A monoclonal antibody(MA) and anti-B MA were labeled with the fluorescent,then fluorescent-labeled antibodies(FLA) were bound with corresponding biological material(such as bloodstain) in the optimum condition,finally the ABO blood type of bloodstain was determined under microscope fluorescent.Results The fluorescent antibody method is highly sensitive,accurate and simple.Conclusion The fluorescent antibody method is an accurate and reliable method for detection of ABO blood type in biological material. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Injuries of Motorcycle Occupants in Traffic Accidents ZOU DONG-HUA;CHEN YI-JIU;CHEN JIAN-GUO;MAO MING-YUAN;LIU NING-GUO;ZHANG JIAN-HUA(.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;SHANGHAI MEDICAL COLLEGE;FUDAN UNIVERSITY;SHANGHAI 000;CHINA;.INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCES;MINISTRY OF JUSTICE;P.R.CHINA;SHANG 2007, 0(2): 134-136+.  Abstract ( 1763 )   This study analyzed injuries of motorcycle occupants and the trace evidence of motor vehicles in 3 cases of motorcycle accidents.Due to differences in positions,postures,and responses,the driver and passenger showed their unique injury patterns and characteristics,which could be verified by analysis of trace evidence of the vehicles.It provided some common features from these cases and could be useful to determine the responsible parties and to determine who was the driver. Related Articles | Metrics

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Assessment of Injuries Caused by Diethyl Sulfate Poisoning LU GUANG-ZHENG;WANG JUN-HAN(.TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT;THE PEOPLE'S PROCURATORATE OF WUHAN;WUHAN 00;CHINA;.TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT;THE PEOPLE'S PROCURATORATE OF HUBEI;WUHAN 00;CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 137-139.  Abstract ( 1775 )   Objective To develop criteria to assess injuries due to diethyl sulfate poisoning.Methods Patients were evaluated with respect to their toxic status and outcomes,in comparison to typical cases.Results Among 44 poisoned patients,4 patients were classified as major injuries,4 person as minor injuries,and the rest of 36 patients were classified as not poisoned according to poisoning diagnostic criteria by No.GBZ40-2002 "Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Acute Diethyl Sulfate Poisoning".Conclusion In assessment of the injuries caused by diethyl sulfate poisoning,one should follow diagnostic criteria set by National Occupational Acute Poisoning due to Chemicals and Drugs and "Criteria for Assessment of Human Body Injury." Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Virtopsy in Forensic Science HAO ZI-RUI;WU JING-DONG;LIU XIAO-SHAN;CHEN BI-ZHU;HU TAO;XING HAO-WEI(.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;ZHONGSHAN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE;SUN YAT-SEN UNIVERSITY;GUANGZHOU 000;CHINA;.SHIQI BRANCH OF PUBLIC SECURITY BUREAU OF ZHONGSHAN CITY;ZHONGSHAN 2007, 0(2): 142-144.  Abstract ( 2103 )   Virtopsy is a non-invasive technique to reconstruct 3 dimensional(3-D) images of human organs and tissues using digitized radiographic imaging and may provide clues for forensic identification of the cause and manner of death.Because of its nature of minimally invasive,objective,and accurate,virtopsy has recently been a research focus of forensic pathology in developed countries.In this review article,the authors will discuss the principle,advantage,disadvantage,and recent proceeding of virtopsy as well as its potential application in forensic practice in China. Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent Advancement in Relationship between DNA Degradation and Postmortem Interval HAO LU-GUI;DENG SHI-XIONG;ZHAO XIN-CAI(.DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE;CHONGQING MEDICAL UNIVERSITY;CHONGQING 000 CHINA;.CHONGQING TRAFFIC ADMINISTRATION BUREAU;CHONGQING 000 CHINA) 2007, 0(2): 145-147.  Abstract ( 1908 )   Determination of postmortem interval(PMI) is one of the most valuable subjects in forensic practice.It,however,is often very difficult to accurately determine the PMI in daily practice.Forensic DNA technology has recently been used to estimate the PMI.It has certain advantage to traditional methods.This article reviews this technology with respect to its invention,development,advantage,disadvantage,and potential future applications with emphasis on correlation of DNA degradation and PMI. Related Articles | Metrics