法医学杂志 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 672-677.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2018.06.020

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

同卵双生子甄别研究进展

徐倩南1,2,李成涛2,刘希玲2   

  1. 1. 温州医科大学法医学系,浙江 温州 325035; 2. 司法鉴定科学研究院 上海市法医学重点实验室 上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台,上海 200063
  • 发布日期:2018-12-25 出版日期:2018-12-28
  • 通讯作者: 李成涛,男,研究员,博士研究生导师,主要从事法医遗传学研究;E-mail:lichengtaohla@163.com 刘希玲,女,副研究员,主要从事法医大数据分析研究;E-mail:xlliu323@gmail.com
  • 作者简介:徐倩南(1994—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事法医遗传学研究;E-mail:2550038357@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0807202,2016YFC0800703);国家自然科学基金资助项目(81871534,81625013);中央级科研院所公益专项资助项目(GY2017G-3);上海市标准研制资助项目(17DZ2203800);上海市科技创新行动计划资助项目(16DZ1205500);上海市法医学重点实验室资助项目(17DZ2273200);上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台资助项目(16DZ2290900)

Research Progress on Discrimination of Monozygotic Twins

XU Qian-nan1,2, LI Cheng-tao2, LIU Xi-ling2   

  1. 1. Department of Forensic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China; 2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
  • Online:2018-12-25 Published:2018-12-28

摘要: 个体识别在法庭科学实践中占有重要地位,常为案件的分析和侦破提供重要法律依据。然而,对于复杂情况下的个体识别,如同卵双生子,由于两者在理论上拥有完全相同的基因组DNA,运用传统的遗传标记不能将其区分。因此,如何有效区分同卵双生子是法医学界亟待解决的难题之一。本文通过总结近年来同卵双生子在遗传和表观遗传水平上的差异规律,有望为同卵双生子甄别这一法医学难题提供新的思路。

关键词: 法医遗传学, 表观遗传学, 个体识别, 同卵双生, 综述

Abstract: Individual identification plays an import role in the practice of forensic medicine, and often provides crucial evidence for the analysis and detection of criminal cases. However, for individual identification in complex situations, such as monozygotic (MZ) twins assumed to be genetically identical, it is impossible to distinguish one from the other by using traditional forensic DNA typing system. Therefore, how to discriminate the MZ twins has become and will continue to be one of the difficult problems in forensic field. This paper summarized the genetic and epigenetic changes recently identified in MZ pairs, which might provide a new insight to forensic discrimination of MZ twins.

Key words: forensic genetics, epigenetics, individual identification, monozygotic twins, review