法医学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 3-13.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2021.410625

所属专题: 水中尸体研究专题

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

水中尸体溺死诊断的回顾与展望

刘超1(), 丛斌2()   

  1. 1.广州市刑事科学技术研究所 法医病理学公安部重点实验室,广东 广州 510442
    2.河北医科大学法医学院 河北省法医学重点实验室,河北 石家庄 050011
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-30 发布日期:2022-02-25 出版日期:2022-02-28
  • 通讯作者: 丛斌
  • 作者简介:丛斌,男,中国工程院院士,主要从事法医学教学、科研和鉴定;E-mail:hbydcongbin@126.com
    刘超(1963-),男,博士,主任法医师,主要从事个体识别及死因鉴定研究;E-mail:liuchaogzf@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    广州市科技计划资助项目(2019030001);公安部科技强警基础工作专项资助项目(2020GABJC38)

Review and Prospect of Diagnosis of Drowning Deaths in Water

Chao LIU1(), Bin CONG2()   

  1. 1.Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute & Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology, Ministry of Public Security, Guangzhou 510442, China
    2.Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
  • Received:2021-06-30 Online:2022-02-25 Published:2022-02-28
  • Contact: Bin CONG

摘要:

溺死是指由于液体阻塞呼吸道而发生的窒息性死亡。在法医学实践中,判断水中尸体为溺死还是死后入水,是案件定性的关键。同时,溺死地点推断以及死后淹没时间(postmortem submersion interval,PMSI)在调查死者身份、缩小侦查范围和侦破案件等方面发挥着重要作用。基于硅藻检验、分子生物学、影像学及人工智能等技术,国内外法医工作者们已在死因鉴定、溺死地点推断和PMSI等方面进行了研究,并在法医学应用中取得了一定的成果。现对上述研究内容进行综述,以便更好地为水中尸体相关研究提供参考。

关键词: 法医病理学, 溺死, 水中尸体, 死亡原因, 溺死地点推断, 死后淹没时间, 综述

Abstract:

Drowning is the death caused by asphyxiation due to fluid blocking the airway. In the practice of forensic medicine, it is the key to determine whether the corpse was drowned or entered the water after death. At the same time, the drowning site inference and postmortem submersion interval (PMSI) play an important role in the investigating the identity of the deceased, narrowing the investigation scope, and solving the case. Based on diatoms testing, molecular biology, imaging and artificial intelligence and other technologies, domestic and foreign forensic scientists have done relative research in the identification of the cause of death, drowning site inference and PMSI, and achieved certain results in forensic medicine application. In order to provide a reference for future study of bodies in the water, this paper summarizes the above research contents.

Key words: forensic pathology, drowning, drowning individual in water, cause of death, drowning site inference, postmortem submersion interval, review

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