法医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 482-493.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2025.550501

• 法医微生物学专题 • 上一篇    

法医微生物分析规范化的建议

刘志勇1,2(), 赵兴春3, 陈玲4, 乌日嘎1, 苑美青3, 陈晓晖2, 赵建2, 徐曲毅2, 刘长晖2, 孙宏钰1(), 刘超5()   

  1. 1.中山大学中山医学院法医学系,广东 广州 510080
    2.广州市刑事科学技术研究所,广东 广州 510442
    3.公安部鉴定中心,北京 100038
    4.南方医科大学法医学院,广东 广州 510515
    5.广东省毒品实验技术中心 国家毒品实验室广东分中心,广东 广州 510230
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-07 发布日期:2026-01-27 出版日期:2025-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 孙宏钰,刘超
  • 作者简介:刘志勇(1991—),男,博士,博士后,主要从事法医物证学研究;E-mail:zhiyongliu1@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大项目(82293655);国家自然科学基金重大项目(82293650);国家自然科学基金面上项目(82271927);国家自然科学基金面上项目(82371901);公安部鉴定中心开放课题(2025FGKFKT09)

Recommendations for the Standardization of Forensic Microbiological Analysis

Zhi-yong LIU1,2(), Xing-chun ZHAO3, Ling CHEN4, Ri-ga WU1, Mei-qing YUAN3, Xiao-hui CHEN2, Jian ZHAO2, Qu-yi XU2, Chang-hui LIU2, Hong-yu SUN1(), Chao LIU5()   

  1. 1.Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
    2.Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou 510442, China
    3.Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security (MPS), Beijing 100038, China
    4.School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
    5.National Anti-Drug Laboratory Guangdong Regional Center, Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510230, China
  • Received:2025-05-07 Online:2026-01-27 Published:2025-10-25
  • Contact: Hong-yu SUN, Chao LIU

摘要:

随着微生物组学研究的深入和检测技术的不断进步,微生物在法医学领域的应用日益广泛,涵盖个体识别、体液来源推断、生物地理推断以及死亡时间、死亡原因和死亡地点推断等方面。由于缺乏完善的标准化体系,批次效应及实验室间差异致使分析结果的可重复性较低。尤其是面对法医学实践中的低质量样本时,这一问题更为突出,严重影响了法医微生物学分析结果作为证据的可靠性。本文基于国内外研究进展与实践经验,对法医微生物学分析技术的规范化进行系统归纳与探讨,旨在提升结果的可靠性,促进法医微生物分析的标准化发展。

关键词: 法医学, 法医微生物学, 核酸分析, 可重复性, 规范化

Abstract:

With advances in microbiome research and the continuous advancement of detection technologies, the application of microorganisms in forensic medicine has become increasingly widespread, covering areas such as individual identification, body fluid source inference, biogeographical analysis, postmortem interval estimation, and determination of the cause and location of death. However, due to the lack of a comprehensive standardized system, batch effects and inter-laboratory differences have led to low reproducibility of analysis results. This problem is particularly evident in low-quality forensic samples, which compromise the reliability and evidential value of forensic microbiological analyses. Therefore, based on domestic and international research progress and practical experience, this paper systematically summarizes and discusses the standardization of forensic microbiological analysis, aiming to improve the reliability of results and promote the standardization of forensic microbiological analysis.

Key words: forensic medicine, forensic microbiology, nucleic acid analysis, reproducibility, standardization

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