法医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 340-347.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2025.350403

• 论著快检技术赋能法医毒物学多场景应用专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于金纳米团簇-荧光素比率荧光探针的氰化物快速分析

何泰伸(), 吕中将, 孙一铭, 李雨洋, 叶懿, 林瑶(), 廖林川()   

  1. 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院,四川 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-11-25 出版日期:2025-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 林瑶,廖林川
  • 作者简介:何泰伸(2004—),男,主要从事法医毒物分析研究;E-mail:373049588@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(22206135);国家自然科学基金资助项目(22476135);四川省自然科学基金资助项目(2025ZNSFSC0921)

Rapid Analysis of Cyanide Based on a Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe Using Gold Nanoclusters-Fluorescein

Tai-shen HE(), Zhong-jiang LÜ, Yi-ming SUN, Yu-yang LI, Yi YE, Yao LIN(), Lin-chuan LIAO()   

  1. West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2025-04-15 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-08-25
  • Contact: Yao LIN, Lin-chuan LIAO

摘要:

目的 建立一种基于比率荧光探针的氰化物快速分析方法,为氰化物的现场可视化快速检测提供定量策略。 方法 以牛血清白蛋白稳定的金纳米团簇(gold nanoclusters,AuNCs;荧光发射波长为660 nm)作为响应单元,荧光素(fluorescein,FL;发射波长为515 nm)作为内参,构建金纳米团簇与荧光素(AuNCs-FL)双发射比率荧光探针。 结果 氰化物对AuNCs的刻蚀作用导致660 nm处荧光淬灭,而FL在515 nm处荧光信号保持不变,通过红色到绿色的荧光变化实现氰化物的快速分析。该荧光探针可在3 min内完成检测,检出限为3.4 mg/L,可视化检测范围为10~100 mg/L。 结论 AuNCs-FL荧光探针组成简单、成本较低,操作简单且快速准确,可避免氰化物检测试剂盒易受硫化物干扰的问题,能够满足氰化物中毒案件中可疑粉末检材的现场快速检测。

关键词: 法医学, 毒物分析, 金纳米团簇, 荧光素, 氰化物, 比率荧光探针, 快速分析, 便携式装置

Abstract:

Objective To establish a rapid analysis method for cyanide based on a ratiometric fluorescent probe, providing a quantitative strategy for on-site visual and rapid detection of cyanide. Methods A dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent probe (AuNCs-FL) was constructed by using bovine serum albumin (BSA)-stabilized gold nanoclusters (AuNCs, fluorescence emission at 660 nm) as the responsive signal unit and fluorescein (FL, emission at 515 nm) as the internal reference. Results The etching effect of cyanide on AuNCs resulted in fluorescence quenching at 660 nm, while the fluorescence intensity of FL at 515 nm remained unchanged, enabling a rapid response analysis of cyanide shift from red to green fluorescence. The developed probe enabled rapid analysis of cyanide within 3 min, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.4 mg/L and a visual detection range of 10-100 mg/L. Conclusion The AuNCs-FL fluorescent probe is structurally simple, low-cost, and easy to operate, delivering rapid and accurate results. It also avoids the interference from sulfides encountered in commercial cyanide test kits, making it suitable for the on-site rapid detection of suspected powder samples in cyanide poisoning cases.

Key words: forensic medicine, toxicological analysis, gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), fluorescein, cyanide, ratiometric fluorescent probe, rapid analysis, portable device

中图分类号: