Journal of Forensic Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 380-387.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.340302

• Original Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Toxicokinetics of Chlorfenapyr and Its Metabolites in Rats

Wen-yan LI1,2,3(), Jin-feng ZHAO4, Wei-chen LIU1,2,3, Shi-jing LÜ1,2,3, Jia-xin ZHANG1,2,3, Xu-dong ZHANG1,2,3, Zhi-wen WEI1,2,3, Ke-ming YUN1,2,3, Chao ZHANG1,2,3()   

  1. 1.School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, Shanxi Province, China
    2.Shanxi Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Jinzhong 030600, Shanxi Province, China
    3.Key Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Ministry of Public Security, Jinzhong 030600, Shanxi Province, China
    4.Jinzhong Municipal Public Security Bureau, Jinzhong 030600, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2024-03-01 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-08-25
  • Contact: Chao ZHANG

Abstract:

Objective To establish a chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for detecting chlorfenapyr and its metabolite tralopyril in blood, and to investigate the toxicokinetics in rats. Methods Chlorfenapyr (8 mg/kg) was administered orally to rats, and blood samples were collected from rats’ canthus vein at 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after administration. The blood samples were extracted using 100 μL of 5% formic acid solution and 400 μL of acetonitrile. Chlorfenapyr was qualitatively and quantitatively detected by triple quadrupole gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and tralopyril was detected by triple quadrupole liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The DAS 3.0 software was used to fit the toxicokinetic equations and calculate the toxicokinetic parameters. Results Chlorfenapyr was detectable from 5 min to 24 h with a peak time of 1 h. Tralopyril was detectable from 15 min to 48 h with a peak time of 3 h. The toxicokinetic process of chlorfenapyr in rat blood conformed to a first-order absorption one-compartment open model, with the toxicokinetic equation described as C=e -0.265t-e -0.175t . Tralopyril conformed to the first-order absorption three-compartment model, and the toxicokinetic equation was C=47 361.069e -2.209t-35 404.962e -1.486t+11 956.363e -0.512t . In the equations, C stands for the concentration of the target substance in the blood, e is the natural constant (≈2.718 28), and t stands for time. Conclusion This study optimized the detection method for chlorfenapyr and its metabolite tralopyril in blood. The toxicokinetic equations and parameters of chlorfenapyr and tralopyril can provide a reference for the estimation of oral intake time of chlorfenapyr.

Key words: forensic medicine, toxicological analysis, toxicokinetics, chlorfenapyr, tralopyril, gas chroma-tography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS), rats

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